الفهرس 
Acknowledgement
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Abstract
Boron (B) is an essential element for higher plants, while it becomes toxic when present in excessive concentrations. Boron toxicity often naturally occurs in the soils of arid and semiarid regions where excess boron (EB) accumulates in the topsoil due to evaporation of high-B groundwater. Excess B stress hinders plant growth and induces changes in phenolic acid (PA) levels. Phenolic acids are abundantly found in plant tissues and possess antioxidant properties and play an important role in plant adaptation to various stresses especially excess boron stress. Therefore this study was performed to investigate the effect of applied PAs [benzoic acid (BA), gallic acid (GA), and salicylic acid (SA)] on the inhibition of EB in the growth of tomato plants in vitro.
In the current studies, three experiments were conducted during different growth stages using a tissue culture technique, where tomato plants were grown in EB:
• The first experiment was conducted using different levels of boric acid (0, 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10 mM) to evaluate the effective concentration of EB causing 50% inhibition (EC50) in tomato growth parameters.