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Abstract Depression is a common mental illness that ranked the third most prevalent moderate and severely disabling condition globally by the World Health Organization. Many women, particularly those living in poverty or already with dependent children, may view pregnancy with negative feelings. Issues or memories surrounding poor parenting or abuse women have suffered may reassert themselves and cause distress. The study aimed to assess prenatal screening for risk factors of depression during pregnancy. The study design was a descriptive study it conducted at the prenatal clinic at Ain Shams University Maternity Hospital. Data collected started from first March 2019 to the end of May 2019. A purposive sample was used, the sample was 500 pregnant women. Inclusion Criteria included the pregnant women through all periods of pregnancy free from any previous history of psychological problems. Tools of Data Collection: Two tools of data collection were used: A Structured Interview Questionnaire Sheet to assess the general characteristics of the study sample included age, Summary 103 education level, occupation, and place of residence. The Obstetrical & Gynecological history of the study sample included previous pregnancy, delivery, pregnancy complications, and previous delivery complications, in which trimester and medical problems during pregnancy; it had involved information about present pregnancy as gestational age; any complications with a current pregnancy. Morevere psychological family history such as the presence of psychiatric disease of any member in the family, assess medical-surgical histories such as the presence of hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and anemia. Also assess psychological histories such as the presence of anxiety and depression, assess risk factors leading to prenatal depression such as the presence of marital problems, family problems, work, and health problems. Besides Edinburgh prenatal Depression Scale: it was adapted from Mohamed et al., (2017); it wasused to assess women at risk for perinatal depression. It was a 10-items self-report scale assessing symptoms of depression. Summary 104 Results: 45% of the studied women their age ranged between 25 to 30 years 66.4% of the studied women had not enough family income. 52.8% of the studied women were working 66% had un desired baby sex. 60.8% of the studied women were in third trimester during current pregnancy. 53.6% un planned for the current pregnancy. 86.9% of the studied women delivered normally. 40.4% of the studied women had marital problems during current pregnancy. 39.3% of the studied women had economic problems. 78.3% of the studied women did not receive support during psychological stress. 21.6% of the studied women had a family history of psychological problems 38.9% had a history of psychological problems among their sister. 85.6% exposed to psychological stress during the current pregnancy. Summary 105 38.8% of the studied women had possible depression There were highly statistically significant relations between the residence, occupation, family income of studied women, and their level of depression respectively (p-value <0. 01). there were insignificant relations between the age, education, of studied women, and their level of depression respectively (p-value > 0.05). There were highly statistically significant relations between the number of gravidae, number of delivery, number of children, baby problems during a previous pregnancy, type of previous delivery, physical problems during previous delivery & baby problems after previous delivery of studied women and their level of depression respectively (p-value <0.01). There were statistically insignificant relations between the duration of the current pregnancy of studied women and their level of depression respectively (p-value >0.05). There were highly significant relations between the planned pregnancy, physical problems during the current pregnancy & impact of the pregnancy on the work of Summary 106 studied women, and their level of depression respectively (p-value < 0.01). Conclusion: Based on the study finding it concluded that less than one-quarter of the studied women had a family history of psychological problems. Two-third of them were exposed to psychological stress during current pregnancy and more than two-thirds of them did not receive support, near to half had marital problems. In addition, more than one-third of the studied women had possible depression. The current study revealed that statistically significant relations between the occupation, family income of studied women, and their level of depression respectively. Meanwhile, there were highly statistically significant relations between the number of pregnancy, number of delivery, number of children, baby problems during a previous pregnancy, type of previous delivery, baby problems after previous delivery of studied women and their level of depression. Finally, there was a highly significant relationship between the planned pregnancy, physical problems during the current pregnancy & impact of the pregnancy on the work of studied women, and their level of depression. Summary 107 Recommendations: Based upon the results of the current study the following recommendations are suggested: Each pregnant woman should be screened at least three times for depression before childbirth, with one screening in each trimester. Early registration for prenatal care especially in the first trimester should be encouraged since prenatal depression peaks in the first trimester. Government and hospital management should introduce screening for depression as part of routine prenatal assessments in both public and private health facilities. Community awareness campaigns should be embarked on by the state public health sector to educate the society on prenatal depression and its associated risk factors, dangers associated with untreated depression, and the need to get prompt help. Conduct research on wider scale for estimating prevelance of prenatal depression on community based. |