الفهرس 
المقدمةيوجد فقط 14 صفحة متاحة للعرض العام
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المستخلص
Countries differ in their adoption of the administrative method that achieves their interests and the interests of their people and is proportional to their political, economic and cultural conditions. In general, there are two basic methods that we find in most countries of the world, namely: the central method and the decentralized method. The central method is intended to limit the final decision-making authority in administrative affairs to the central authority in the capital, so that it has all the powers and competencies, and it does not decide on any of its affairs without referring to it, and may resort to the application of the central administrative system with no administrative focus and distribution of the administrative function by delegating. As for administrative decentralization, it is the distribution of the administrative function of the state between the central agencies and the authorities of regional decentralization, that is, assigning part of the administrative function to regional bodies that carry out this part of the public function within the limits of the scope of their territory. After the emergence of states in their modern form and the demise of the idea of the state with the traditional function and the growing increase of state functions, it became impossible to carry out all these tasks and duties on its own. The states resorted to introducing regional or local administrative decentralization by granting personal and moral administrative units and giving their management to local authorities consisting of elected local councils that undertake deliberation and the report, giving them the authority to issue final decisions without referring to them in some predetermined matters, and an executive administrative body specialized in management and implementation, Whether it is a unitary state or a federation, and the local authorities exercise their functions independently, while ensuring a degree of supervision and control of the central government; That is: the distribution of the administrative function in the state between the central government and decentralized bodies is on the basis of interest or utility, represented by public institutions, and it may be on regional or spatial bases, called regional or local administrative decentralization (local administration); where the territory of the state is divided into administrative units, Within specific levels of legal personality that are administered by local authorities, consisting of: an elected local council that undertakes the task of deliberation and reporting, and an administrative body specialized in administration and implementation; whether the state is united or federated; The local authorities represent the level below the central government in the simple unitary state. Local administrative decentralization is also described as a method of administrative organization, in which the central authority shares part of its competencies in managing facilities and public interests with the local authorities that represent the administrative units in the state, after the legislator recognizes the legal personality and financial and administrative independence, allowing it to start establishing and monitoring its facilities. and its local interests. And after the constitutional legislator adopted this method for the governorates that are not organized in a region, and confirmed that they were granted broad financial and administrative powers; In order for it to manage its affairs according to the principle of administrative decentralization, the law of governorates that are not organized in the Iraqi region No. 21 of 2008 assigned several competencies to local authorities, around which revolve the activation of their oversight competence; for the development of the local community. The legislator assigns the local authorities in the state that adopts the administrative decentralization system the supervisory jurisdiction over local facilities and devices within the limits of their geographical scope. The fact that those authorities are more aware of the needs of their residents, to the extent of achieving the local development plan, and that oversight has a role as an entry point for development and administrative reform in the state and the need to work with endless transparency when dealing with the issue of control, as it has become one of the solid foundations on which the modern, independent democratic state must be based. It is clear and clear that does not accept interpretation or doubt the extent of the importance of oversight in countries alike. Oversight is an effective tool for developing and directing the work of all the different public administrations in the country, and this is embodied through the legal basis that governs and regulates the oversight process.