الفهرس 
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Abstract
This study aims to compare the Efficacy and Performance of Different Diagnostic Methods microscopical techniques and Rapid Dignostic Strip test in detection of Schistosoma species in urine and stool samples. And also aims to Comparison between some Biochemical blood parameters in these groups :-( Normal control – Schistomasis -HCV-Combined infection with schistomasis &HCV).
The present study was conducted from 1st of December 2014 to December 2016 on 123 patients, 63 urine and stool samples were collected at Theodor Bilharz Research Institute by microscopy and Rapid Diagnostic Strip test. And also from National Liver Institute hospital of 60 patients were divided into four groups: (15 Schistosomasias patients), (10 HCV patients), (20 schistosomiasis & HCV), and (15 normal controls were taken from employers of National Liver Institute (NLI), Menoufia governorate.
• Parasitological examination { Microscopy by direct wet smear method (saline and lugols), Sheather’s flotation-sedimentation concentration method technique, Kato–Katz smear technique}
• Immunological methods: ( Rapid diagnostic strip test RDT)
• Biochemical examination: Liver function tests (Total bilirubin –Direct bilirubin - Direct/Indirect bilirubin ratio- Albumin protein - ALT /GPT - AST- ALT/AST ratio. ) and Kidney function test ( Blood urea - Blood Creatinine)
This resulted that Sensitivities of the Diagnostic Assays were :- (60.3%) of the Stool & (39.7%) of urine for microscopical examination these mean moderate sensitivity, (73%) of the Stool & (71.4%) of urine for Rapid test these mean high sensitivity. Specificities of the Diagnostic Assays were: - (56%) of the Stool & (53%) of urine for microscopical examination these mean moderate specificity, (90.1%) of the Stool & (89.8%) of urine for Rapid test these mean high specificity.
Compare bilirubin (Liver function test) between the studied groups:- there were statistically significant differences between studied groups in Liver function tests (Total bilirubin, direct bilirubin and indirect bilirubin) and there was statistically no significant difference between studied groups in Direct/indirect bilirubin, as follows: There was significant (p-value<0.001) increase of Total bilirubin in all patients rather than normal controls but with higher increase in patients with combined infection ( 3.43±0.7 ) than other groups.There was significant (p-value<0.001) increase of direct bilirubin in all patients rather than normal controls but with higher increase in patients with combined infection (1.05±0.44 ) than other groups.There was significant (p-value<0.001) increase of Indirect bilirubin in all patients rather than normal controls but with higher increase in patients with combined infection (2.38±0.70 ) than other groups.
Compare other Liver function test between the studied groups:there were statistically significant differences between studied groups in other Liver function tests (Albumin protein, ALT, AST and ALT/AST ratio), as follows; There was significant (p-value< 0.05) decrease of Albumin protein patients with combined infection (1.50 ± 0.27) than other groups. There was significant (p-value<0.001) increase of ALT in all patients rather than normal controls but with higher increase in patients with HCV infection (195.20 ±11.33) than other groups. There was significant (p-value<0.05) increase of AST in all patients rather than normal controls but with higher increase in patients with HCV infection (127.82 ± 11.76) than other groups. There was significant (p-value<0.001) decrease of ALT/ AST ratio in all patients rather than normal controls but with more