الفهرس 
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Abstract
The worldwide incidence of Diabetes Mellitus is set to rise dramatically from 171 million people to an estimated 366 million in 2030. Type 1 diabetes is due primarily to autoimmune-mediated destruction of pancreatic β-cells, which leads to insulin deficiency. The frequency of Type 1 diabetes is low relative to Type 2 diabetes, which accounts for approximately 90% of diabetes worldwide. The phrase ‘diabetes epidemic’ refers predominantly to Type 2 diabetes, which is continuing to increase in both developed and developing countries.
The aim of this work is to study the incidence of dry eye in type II diabetic patients and to correlate the dry eye disease with age, sex(gender)and the level of glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c).
It was a retrospective study in which 100 patients (50 type II diabetes mellitus patients, 50 not diabetics) were included in the study from the patients attending in the outpatient clinic of Beni-Suef University Hospital.
In our study, in diabetic patients, we found that 34 of them had lower values of both Schirmer I and TBUT. In the control group we found that 7 of them had lower values of both Schirmer I and TBUT.
There is a highly statistically significant relation between age and severity of dryness by both Schirmer and BUT with P value < 0.01 while no statistically significant relation between sex and severity of dryness.
Regarding Schirmer’s test, there was a highly statistically significant relation between age and severity of Dry eye with P value < 0.001 and between HBA1c and severity P value 0.027.
Regarding TBUT, there was a highly statistically significant relation between age and severity with P value 0.003 and between HBA1c and severity P value 0.001.