الفهرس 
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Abstract
Hernia occurs when a viscus or a part of a viscus is abnormally pushed out as a result of a defect either weak muscles or a tear in the wall of the cavity containing the viscus. The inguinal hernia is the most common type and its incidence estimates about 75% of all types of hernias, and occurs when bowel or fatty tissue protrudes through a weak spot in the abdominal wall into the groin area. Pain is the most serious long-term complication occurring after an inguinal hernia repair with negative effects on all daily activities. As teaching is considered an important part of nursing care, interventions for improving pain level and daily activities following surgical inguinal hernia repair are needed. This study aimed to investigate the effect of a nursing protocol on reducing pain and improving daily activities post inguinal hernia repair. To fulfill the aim of this study the following research hypotheses were formulated: Patients of the study group will exhibit reduced pain level rather than patients of the control group after application of the preoperative nursing protocol, and patients of the study group will have improved level of daily activities than patients of the control group after application of the preoperative nursing protocol.
Quasi-experimental research design (pre/ post test) was utilized in the current study. The study sample included (60) male patients undergoing inguinal hernia repair surgery at general surgery department of Qena university hospital. Three tools were utilized to collect data; the first tool was a patient structured questionnaire was designed by the researcher in the Arabic language to collect the necessary data from the patients based on relevant literature. This tool included three parts; the first part was demographic characteristics, the second part was medical data profile and the third part was patient knowledge assessment sheet about inguinal hernia disease. The second tool was Pain Numerical Rating Scale. The third tool was Physical Self-maintenance Scale (Activities of daily living). The results of the current study revealed that there was a highly statistically significant difference between both groups (the study and control) when comparing the pain level and daily living activities scores at the three times of follow-up. In which there was a significant decline in pain level, and a significant improvement in daily living activities for the study group versus the control group at the three times of follow-up with highly statistically significant differences reflected by P-Value (<.001**). from these results, it could be concluded that; application of preoperative nursing protocol reflected a significant effect on patients’ outcomes among the study group as postoperative pain level declined and the level of activities increased as compared to the control group. Finally, the following recommendations were suggested: Educational classes with a guide booklet should be provided at regular interval for patients undergoing hernia repair, and replication of the current study on a larger probability sample from different geographical areas to achieve generalizable results are recommended.