الفهرس 
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Abstract
Skin affections are reported to be the most common problem affecting pet animals. Hard ticks (Ixodidae) and fleas (Siphonaptera) are considered the most important external parasites infesting dogs. 117 dogs were naturally clinically infested with ticks and fleas from 514 dogs were examined. Fecal, ticks and fleas samples were collected. Ticks were identified as Rhipicephalus sanguineus and fleas as Ctenocephalides felis felis. The diseased dogs were grouped on the basis of their age, breed, sex and according to season. Dogs less than 1 year were more prone to the infection. Male dogs highly infested with fleas than females but females highly infested with ticks than male. The highest incidence of ectoparasites was recorded in German shepherd dogs and in spring then summer. The most common clinical signs recorded in dogs infested by ticks and fleas were emaciation, anaemia and pale mucous membrane, itching, biting of tail and lumbosacral region alopecia. The clinical signs of flea infestations were hair loss, flea allergic dermatitis (FAD) and flea excreta. Microscopical examination of fecal sample collected from dogs infested by ectoparasites, revealed Dipylidium caninum egg nest and Toxocara canis egg. In vitro and in vivo study of using natural product (parasidose shampoo) as a therapeutic study for control of ticks and fleas with active ingredient Biococidine applied on animal for 45 min and repeated after 3-5 days from the first treatment. It was proved that parasidose effective on males, females, eggs and larvae of R. sanguineus ticks and fleas. This was the first data recorded from Egypt. Evaluation of mixture of essential oils as a repellent of ticks and fleas, there were applied topically once evey 2-3 days on dogs after treated with parasidose, the study showed there was a significant between treated group and control. Using entomopathogenic fungi (Beauveria bassiana and Metarhizium anisopliae) in vitro for eggs, larvae, nymph, male and female R. sanguineus ticks with different concentrations. The most potent concentration of M. anisopliae was concentration 2 (M2) (107 spore/ml), the most potent concentration of B.bassiana was concentration 1 (B1) (108 spore/ml).