الفهرس 
Pulmonary fibrosis
Clinical picture: (Oldham and Noth, 2014):Only 14 pages are availabe for public view
 |  | from | 236 |  |  |
| | | from | 236 | | |
Abstract
VII- Summary & Conclusion
Pulmonary fibrosis (PF) is a devastating disorder that belongs
to a large family of lung diseases called interstitial lung diseases. It
is characterized by chronic inflammation, infiltration of
inflammatory cells, generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS),
fibroblast proliferation and deposition of collagen into the lung
parenchyma. Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a specific form
of chronic, progressive fibrosing interstitial pneumonia of unknown
cause. Patients with pulmonary fibrosis have a median survival of 4
to 5 years after the onset of symptoms.
PF can arise from known precipitating factors, including
lung exposure to exogenous agents by inhalation or systemically, as
with drug-induced pulmonary fibrosis. Amiodarone is one of the
most effective antiarrhythmic drugs from class III that is commonly
prescribed for treatment of broad spectrum types of arrhythmias.
However, pulmonary toxicity is the major side effect of
amiodarone and restricts its use. It has been estimated that about
6% of people who are taking amiodarone show toxicity associated
with its use, which takes the form of interalveolar or interstitial
inflammation or pulmonary fibrosis and the mortality rate is about
5–10%.
The mechanism of amiodarone-induced pulmonary side
effects is not well known. An in vitro study revealed that
amiodarone primarily activates necrotic pathways whereas its
metabolite, desethylamiodarone (DES) activates both necrotic and