الفهرس 
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Abstract
Vitrectomy consists of transconjunctival sutureless vitrectomy, such as 23-gauge (23-G) vitrectomy , and conventional pars plana vitrectomy, such as 20-G vitrectomy. The introduction of vitrectomy has offered the potential for considerable benefits to RD patients. The ’gold-standard’ for RD treatment, 20-G vitrectomy, was widely popularized in the last two decades of the 20th century.
The aim of our study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of 20- gauge trans-conjunctiva !vitrectomy for various surgical indications.
Our study consisted of 50 eyes with underwent 20-gauge trans conjunctival vitrectomy, the mean age of the study group was 54±11 (25-
70) years. The male to female ratio was nearly 2: 1. The visual acuity of our study population was only hand motion in nearly 3/4 of cases, with the remaining cases had visual acuity of 1/60 (24%) or 2/60 (3.5%). On the other hand, most of our cases had normal IOP (72%), with 12 cases (nearly 21%) had increased IOP and only 4 cases (7%) had low IOP. We found that the post-operative IOP was normal in around 90% of cases, and high in only 6 cases (10%).
More than 75% of our cases did not develop any intraoperative complications. Complications occurred only in 14 cases; of these, the most common complication was slippage of the cannula, occurred in 8 cases (14%); followed by trauma to the lens, seen in 4 cases (7%) and lastly retina incarcerated in the cannula in only 2 cases (3.5%). Postoperative complications in our cases were seen in 18 cases (31%). The most common postoperative complication was inferior RD; seen in 12 cases (21%), followed by vitreous hemorrhage; seen in 4 cases (7%)
and lastly ERM seen in only 2 cases (3%). There were non significant relation between age & sex of the patient and the possibility of postoperative complications.
In this study we found that postoperative visual acuity improved steadily from the first day to the first month, but then decreased mildly in the following follow up period. There were significant improvement of visual acuity after operation compared to the preoperative visual acuity, also we found that females showed more improvement compared to males, with a significant difference.
Conclusion
The 20-gauge trans-conjunctival vitrectomy technique seems to be efficacious procedure with acceptable intra and postoperative complication possibilities.