الفهرس 
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Abstract
The recent bottom sediments and surface water samples were collected from
seventeen selected stations in the Manzala Lake along selected profiles in order to
cover his whole area. The sampling was commenced in summer (2017). The
bottom sediments were collected from Manzala Lake using a grab sample (Ekman
type), which was immersed to depth ranging between 20 centimeters and 200
centimeters.
The water samples were collected by Ruthner bottle (1.5 liter) from all
stations near the bottom. Water temperature and hydrogen ion concentration (pH
values) were measured in the field using digital pH-meter. The bottom water
temperature was measured by regular mercury thermometer to 5 ºC.
Manzala Lake is one of the most polluted lakes in Egypt located on the
northeastern shoreline of the Nile Delta and lies between 31° 10” and 31° 40”
latitude and 31°80” and 32° 25” longitude. It is bordered by the Mediterranean Sea
in the north, the Suez Canal in the east and Damietta Branch in the West. It is
separated from the Mediterranean Sea by a sandy beach ridge.
Manzala Lake is the largest Egyptian coastal lake; it lies on the eastern north
coast of Egypt. This lake serves five provinces of Nile Delta (Damietta, Dakahliya,
Sharkiya, Ismailia and Port Said). Economically, Manzala Lake is considered as
one of the most valuable fish sources in Egypt.