الفهرس 
Chapter One: IntroductionOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Energy, fresh-water, and environment are inter-related factors that are becoming from the most important and popular topics in engineering research field nowadays. Adsorption desalination system is being developed steadily over the past decades and is considered one of the possible alternatives to traditional desalination systems to overcome their problems for seawater and brackish water desalination.
In this thesis the benefits of employing new adsorption pairs in thermally driven adsorption cooling systems have been investigated firstly. An experimental apparatus has been designed and built. Experimental investigations have been carried out across assorted adsorption temperatures that are useful to the operation of adsorption chillers. Different adsorption materials are proposed and investigated includes montmorillonite, copper sulfate and aluminum sulfate. Adsorption characteristics (isotherms and kinetics) of each material have been presented in this study. The effect of acid activation on montmorillonite has been illustrated using IR spectra analysis. The investigated system with acid activated montmorillonite can produce specific daily water production (SDWP) about 8.3 m3/ton of acid activated montmorillonite, 229 W/kg of acid activated montmorillonite specific cooling power (SCP) and 0.61 coefficient of performance (COP).
Experimental adsorption capacities of water vapor onto copper sulfate and aluminum sulfate are found to be around 0.51 kg/kg at 25 oC and 0.37 kg/kg respectively. The proposed ADC system can produce SDWP about 8.2 m3 per ton of copper sulfate, SCP about 227 W/kg of copper sulfate SCP and COP around 0.57, while the ADC system with aluminum sulfate as adsorbent material can produce SDWP, SCP and COP of about 5.5 m3/ton of aluminum sulfate, 150 W/kg of aluminum sulfate and 0.51 respectively.
The performance of hybrid adsorption desalination system with reverse osmosis is investigated theoretically. The present study investigates the effect of reverse osmosis brine recycling employing adsorption desalination on overall system desalinated water recovery. The adsorption desalination produces dual useful effects which are high quality potable water and cooling effect. The brine leaving reverse osmosis system is fed to adsorption desalination system. Results show that the proposed combination system recovery increases and permeate salinity decreases. In addition to system performance improvements, a cooling effect is generated and can be utilized for cooling applications.
Effect of employing solar adsorption desalination-cooling (ADC) system at Egyptian weather has been investigated using TRNSYS software employing meteorological data of Assiut city at Egypt. Maximum SDWP is found to be about 10 m3/ton of silica gel. Moreover, maximum coefficient of performance and specific cooling power of the system are about 0.5 and 134 W/kg respectively. It has been concluded that ADC system can be driven efficiently by using solar energy of the Egyptian weather.
An experimental test rig has been designed, constructed and its performance is investigated. An innovated single bed packed with 2.65 kg of acid activated montmorillonite. A theoretical model is developed to simulate the system performance and to be validated by experimental data. The experimental results indicate that there is a good agreement, more than 95% with the theoretical results.
It can be concluded that, the adsorption desalination-cooling system can be powered by low grade heat source like solar energy, which could be operated efficiently at Egyptian weather.