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Abstract Studies in Coptic architecture are relatively rare, and are mainly concerned with the physical rather than spiritual aspects of the style. This dissertation marks an absence of a true reading for the intangible aspects of the Coptic Orthodox Church architecture, and the hidden meanings in this heritage. The study will be concerned with uncovering meanings and deepening understanding of this Egyptian architecture. The basics and principles of christianity as a religion and Orthodoxy as a denomination are considered the most influential convention that affects and shapes the Coptic Orthodox worship house. They represent one of the main sources for the rich inventory of the different signs and symbols assimilating meaning in its art and architecture. Hence, fundamentals of christianity are reviewed in the literature, and observation of heritage Coptic Churches is undergone, to group the existing symbols employed in this architecture. Semiotics as an interpretive science is studied, as it is chosen to be utilized as a discovery tool for the different layers of meaning comprising the sign system of the building and to decipher these meanings. This study provides a theoretical ground for the adopted framework of analysis that is employed in the applied part of the study. The different existing attempts of semiotic analysis of architecture are presented with special focus on the most appropriate framework that will be used, in addition to addressing the gaps that were identified in itto result in an amended analytical semiotic framework that is more practical for application on the architectural discipline. The applied part of the study commences by utilizing the amended framework in conducting the semiotic analysis on two case studies: an ancient Coptic church and a contemporary one, to interpret the meanings within their architecture, and hence determines that there is a message addressed to the users. This analysis besides uncovering different radiated meanings and deepening the understanding of this intangible part of the architecture, results also in developing an analytical tool for the semiotic analysis allowing of religious buildings. An ethnographic study is conducted to investigate the intended meaning from the design through undergoing in-depth interviews with the building originators who designed the contemporary case study. Then the users of the same case study are interviewed to discover if they understood the intended meanings from this architecture, and check how they perceived the significance and the message of the church design. Hence, the perceived meaning is tested against the intended one, to understand if the visual message by the architecture of this church is interpreted as per the original intentions of the design or not. Finally, the results were concluded from both the interpretation of the semiotic analysis and the ethnographic study of the intended and perceived meanings, in addition to the comparative analysis of each set of resulting data. The study shows that the Coptic Orthodox church architecture has a message that could be interpreted by the users, even though the intended and perceived meanings of this architecture might not be identical. |