الفهرس 
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Abstract
Introduction:type 2diabetic women are the most exposed to osteoporosis and more complication especially diabetic nephropathy. Aim of the work: The aim of our work is to evaluate the effect of diabetes mellitus with and without diabetic nephropathy on bone turnover in postmenopausal women.. Patients and methods : Our Patients are 80 patients, were divided into 3 groups: group (1) comprised of 26 hyperglycemic women with diabetic nephropathy; group (2) comprised of 28 hyperglycemic women without diabetic nephropathy and group (3) comprised of 26 apparently healthy non-diabetic women and served as control group. Clinical and laboratory investigations were performed for them . Results : Our study showed that the risk of osteoporosis development increased by about 2-fold in diabetic postmenopausal women with and without nephropathy than healthy postmenopausal women. Conclusion : The presence of type 2 diabetes mellitus in these women show an imbalance of bone mineral metabolism and increase the risk to develop osteoporosis by 2-fold compared with healthy postmenopausal women.