الفهرس 
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Abstract
Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) is the most common entrapment neuropathy, caused by the compression of the median nerve in the carpal tunnel beneath the flexor retinaculum. It is considerably more frequent in middle-aged women and frequently cases are bilateral.
The pathophysiology and pathogenesis is suggested to be due to increased intra-tunnel pressure and ischemic injury to the median nerve that lead to demyelination. It is usually idiopathic but it may occur secondary to other diseases as tenosynovitis, intra-tunnel space occupying lesions, rheumatoid arthritis as well as fracture/dislocation of carpal bones.
The diagnosis of CTS is clinical and based on the proper interpretation of symptoms and signs, with confirmation by electro diagnostic testing. The nerve conduction study is the gold standard in diagnosis of CTS, it is positive in 91–98% of patients with clinically diagnosed CTS and specificity of 95% or greater; however, there are some reports that this technique itself is limited in its accuracy, particularly due to the lack of standardized diagnostic criteria for CTS.
However, ultrasonographic examination of the median nerve is a good diagnostic tool for CTS and seems to be an easy and accurate method in the diagnosis of carpal tunnel syndrome and evaluation the morphologic changes of the median nerve in patients with clinical signs and symptoms.
The ultrasound is comparable to EPS in diagnosis of CTS and so may be considered as initial test of choice for patients suspected of having CTS.
The aim of this study was to evaluate the radiological features of carpal tunnel syndrome by ultrasound and color Doppler and comparing results with control subjects and nerve conduction. Then comparing ultrasound diagnostic features with MRI in some cases.
It was a prospective study which was conducted upon one hundred adult patients (96 of females and four males) with 135 wrists, fifty were suffering from unilateral or bilateral carpal tunnel syndrome referred from Neurology and Rheumatology departments to Radiology department at Minia university hospital, with disease duration ranging from one month to six years. The other 50 were control volunteers. Age ranged from 17 to 80 years (mean age, 42.12 years). Most of our patients were housewives. Twenty subjects underwent MRI examination. The ultrasound and MRI examination done within two weeks before/after the nerve conduction.