الفهرس 
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Abstract
Helicobacter pylori, previously known as Campylobacter pylori, is a gram-negative, microaerophilic bacterium usually found in the stomach. It was identified in 1982 by Australian scientists Barry Marshall and Robin Warren, who found that it was present in a person with chronic gastritis and gastric ulcers, conditions not previously believed to have a microbial cause. It is also linked to the development of duodenal ulcers and stomach cancer. However, over 80% of individuals infected with the bacterium are asymptomatic, and it may play an important role in the natural stomach ecology.[7]
More than 50% of the world’s population have H. pylori in their upper gastrointestinal tract.[6] Infection is more common in developing countries than Western countries.[4] H. pylori’s helical shape (from which the genus name derives) is thought to have evolved to penetrate the mucoid lining of the stomach.