الفهرس 
? Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE)Only 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic autoimmune inflammatory disease with unknown etiology which has diverse clinical manifestations, course of illness and prognosis.
The assessment of SLE patients is therefore difficult for the physician in daily practice. On the other hand, treatment could be different according to disease activity. SLE can be categorized as mild or severe and life threatening disease. Most patients with SLE develop kidney disease related to this systemic underlying disease process.
Kidney failure is also the leading cause of death in these patients. Thus the early diagnosis of Lupus nephritis (LN) is helpful for patients.
White blood cell (WBC) count is a serum marker for systemic inflammation. Neutrophils and lymphocytes play major roles in inflammatory processes. Under inflammatory conditions, neutrophil and lymphocyte counts undergo temporary changes. Neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) is a readily available marker that can convey important information about the patient inflammatory activity.
An abnormal NLR level is associated with autoimmune disease. Platelet to lymphocyte ratio (PLR) is suggested as a potential marker to determine inflammation. This thesis was carried out to Assess Neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and platelet to lymphocyte ratio (PLR) in correlation to Disease Activity and lupus nephritis severity in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus.
We conducted our study on 20 SLE patients, 20 LN patients and 10 normal healthy subjects serving as a control group.
The present study reveals that NLR was a statistically significant higher in patients than healthy controls, in LN patients than SLE patients without renal affection and also was statistically significant higher in more renal damage. NLR was found also to be positively correlated with BUN, urea, creatinine, 24hour urinary protein and also related to malar rash.
The present study showed that NLR and PLR were increased in patients with higher SLE activity and increased severity of SLE. Both ratios showed positive correlation with SLEDAI score, ESR and CRP. Mean while, a negative correlation of both ratios was found with C4. Both ratios were associated with alopecia and antids-DNA positivity.
Conclusion: NLR and PLR may be used as laboratory indices for disease activity in SLE patients. NLR can be used as a laboratory index for LN severity