الفهرس | Only 14 pages are availabe for public view |
Abstract Background: Lung cancer is the most common cause of cancer-related deaths in both men and women in the world, and it accounts for more deaths than breast, prostate, colon, rectal, and pancreatic cancers combined. The 5-year survival rate for primary lung cancer is 16%, compared with 65%, 90%, and 99% for colon, breast, and prostate cancer, respectively. Although the incidence of lung cancer in men is beginning to decline, the incidence in women is rising, such that since 1987, lung cancer has caused more cancer-related deaths in women than breast cancer. More than half of all people with lung cancer will die within 1 year of diagnosis; however, if diagnosed at an early stage, 5-year survival reaches ~50%. Aims: The aim of this study was to evaluate the recent advances (imaging, bronchoscopic and minimally invasive) techniques in staging of lung cancer. Conclusion: Finally by the coordination of these techniques staging of lung cancer will be assessed according to the 8th edition of TNM staging system and proper treatment strategy will be clearly decided according to the guidelines recommendations. |