الفهرس | Only 14 pages are availabe for public view |
Abstract Postoperative pain is related to morbidity; VATS has made tremendous progress during the last decade with many indications, and the need for effective proper postoperative pain management showed itself. Many techniques are used – in favor of multimodal analgesia – such as thoracic epidural, high spinal anesthesia, paravertebral block and intercostal block beside the pharmacology and non pharmacological modalities. We are discussing some of these techniques. |