الفهرس 
خطة البحثيوجد فقط 14 صفحة متاحة للعرض العام
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المستخلص
Abstract
The current research purpose is to identify the effectiveness of a
training program for developing attitudes and skills of environmental
advocacy among volunteers workers in Sultanate of Oman through
framing and discussing some environmental problems and issues in
sultanate of Oman and means of protection and resolutions due to
scientific and methodological bases Achieving this, the study uses some
theoretical lessons and training practical workshops in light of a checklist
of environmental issues and public targets of the program. The research
population consists of (40) male/female individuals of those volunteers in
environmental work in the three sectors from all governorates of the
sultanate ( involved governmental authorities in environmental work and
civil society represented in civil societies such as Women societies –
Omani Environmental Society – and society of Volunteering work). The
study instruments include Scale of Environmental Attitudes, Scale of
Environmental Advocacy, and pre application of scale on the one-group,
then examining the proposed program by the program, then reapplication
(post-application) of the two scales, Scale of Environmental Attitudes,
Scale of Environmental Advocacy. Results indicate the following:
1- There are significant statistical differences between average scores
of the experimental group persons regarding Scale of Environmental
Attitudes pre/post application of the program, in favor of the post
application.
2- There are significant statistical differences between average scores
of the experimental group persons regarding Scale of Environmental
Advocacy pre/post application of the program, in favor of the post
application.
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Develop environmental citizenship among members of civil
societies working in environment’s field achieving that through the
proposed program. A pilot study and several interviews with members in
civil societies are administered. Given the point of view, it is evident that
there is a shortness in treatment of environmental citizenship and its
various dimensions. Current programs and activities presented by societies
are reviewed to demonstrate a shortness exists in the targeted role towards
the environment, cultivating affiliation, conserve, maintain, and develop
the environment. There is also lack of awareness of the concept of
environmental citizenship, responsibility, and participation in solving
problems and committed to duties, developing resources through
sustainable development. Therefore, a program is designed for developing
environmental citizenship, and a five axes-scale is designed to include:
1- The attitude towards awareness of concept of environmental
citizenship, consisting of (19) items.
2- The attitude towards environmental responsibility, consisting of (3)
items.
3- The attitude towards environmental justice, consisting of (3) items.
4- The attitude towards environmental participation, consisting of
(10) items.
5- The attitude towards sustainable development, consisting of (15) items.
A group of (30) members of civil societies working in
environment’s field are selected to be the study sample. Scale of
environmental citizenship has been applied to them pre/post
administration of the program. Results indicate and assert the effectiveness
of the proposed program which is based on workshops, meetings, and
seminars for developing environmental citizenship among societies’
members.
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Summary
Research Problem
The researcher prepared an explorative study that included:
1. Applying scale of environmental trends of the researcher /
Mahmoud Abd El-Aziz, it consists of 30 inquiries and 25
volunteers after analysis of scale results, the study indicated that
environmental trends didn’t exceed 25%, this result indicates
weakness of their environmental trends.
2. A personal meeting was conducted on a random group of 25
volunteers, of associations in Sultanate of Oman to identify
training program to which the volunteers were subjected to in the
field of advocacy skills, after analyzing forms, the researcher
concluded the following:
•Volunteers didn’t organize training programs in field of
environmental advocacy.
•2% of the sample has a background about environmental advocacy.
•They don’t have the ability on solving environmental problems that
they face scientifically.
•The majority of their solutions and treatment to environmental
problems are extemporaneous efforts, direct association with
categories and using means of forcing decision makers by random
sit-down.
All of the previously mentioned indicates weakness of training in
environmental advocacy skill and method of change which suggests the
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need to study a proposed training program that can be generalized in case
of stability of its effectiveness on greater group.
Research Hypotheses
•There are statistical significant differences between degrees
average of control group subjects of volunteers in scale of
environmental trends before and after applying the program in
favor of post application.
•There are statistical significant differences between degrees
average of control group subjects of volunteers in scale of
environmental advocacy skills before and after applying the
program in favor of post application.
Research Methodology
The researcher used semi experimental methodology (only one
control group) on a sample of (male – female) volunteers through
designing one group and applying program tools and measure tools on
them.