الفهرس | Only 14 pages are availabe for public view |
Abstract Obsessive compulsive disorder (0.C.D) is an anxiety disorder manifested by either obsessions and/or compulsions that cause significant distress or dysfunction in social or personal areas. The life prevalence of obsessive compulsive disorder in the general population is estimated at 2to 3 percent. Some researchers have estimated that the disorder is found in as many as 10 percent of outpatient in psychiatric clinic. These figures make obsessive compulsive disorder the fourth most common psychiatric diagnosis after phobias; substance related disorder, and major depressive disorder. Structural and functional neuroimaging studies implicate basal ganglia structures especially the striatum, as well as orbitofrontal hyperactivity in the pathophysiology of O.C.D. Data reported by C.T. and M.R.I. studies with significant difference between ventricle to brain ratios (VBRs) of O.C.D. patients and normal controls with reported significant reductions in rCBF measurments of OCD patients compaired with healthy controls in seven brain regions the right and left superior frontal cortex, right inferior frontal cortex, left temporal cortex, left parietal cortex, right caudate neucleus and right thalamus. A number of ERP studies revealed a decreased slow wave (SW) (post P300 latency), a trend towards decreased P300 latency and a greater N200 amplitude in obsessive compulsive disorders. The aim of this study is to detect any neurophysiological and any functional cognitive impairment in OCD patients and to find out there is any correlation between the occurrence of those changes. The study included 20 OCD patients referred from the outpatient clinic of psychiatry in El-Menoufiyia hospitals diagnosed according ICD- 10. The severity of illness was graded by the Y - BOCS and the predominance of symptoms by the YBOC symptoms chicklist. Patients on medications or other comorbid medical or neuro physiological disorders were excluded. Twenty normal subjects were selected as a control group. Both groups were matching for age (patient mean 28.15 + 8.49 years, range 15 -45, control mean 28.40 t5.58, range 19-39 years P>0.05) for sex (each group included 15 males 70% and 5 females 30%) and for education (patient mean 13.90 2 2.9 1, range 6-1 6 years, control mean 13-95? 2.87, range 6- 16 years, P> 0.05). Obsessive and mixed groups of OCD represent the majority of cases where pure compulsive cases are rare as reported in our I study and supported by others. There is no sex difference as regards severity of illness, This implies that sex does not determine the illness course or outcome. |