الفهرس 
Male in Nursing ProfessionOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Historically men have been identified as having caregiver roles in organized nursing throughout history, for example: military and religious orders of men throughout the centuries have provided care to the sick and injured. Despite this history, the role of men in nursing tends to be forgotten (Twomey & Meadus, 2008).
Male nurses have been a minority group within the nursing profession. Gender and sex role stereotyping are recognized as having the potential to limit the professional development of males within the nursing profession. Dilemmas related to gender role stereotypes seem to be exacerbated when men first enter the maternal- child health (MCH) rotation in their nursing education program. The intimate nature of maternity care and its sexual overtones make male nurses uncomfortable. They may feel that they are intruding on a private pace. They are often anxious about this aspect of care (Anthony, 2006 & El - Sayed, 2009).
Aim of the study:
This study aimed to investigate the practical and theoretical barriers facing male students at antenatal and intra-natal units in Obstetrics and Gynecological Hospital of Ain Shams University.
Research questions:
Are male nursing students facing practical and theoretical barriers regarding working in antenatal and intra-natal units?
A- Research design:
A descriptive study design was used to investigate the practical and theoretical barriers facing male students at Antenatal and Intra-natal Units in Obstetrics and Gynecological Hospital of Ain Shams University.
B-Setting:
The study was conducted at Antenatal and Intra-natal Obstetrics and Gynecological Hospital of Ain Shams University and Faculty of nursing at Ain shams University.
C-Subjects:
A purposive sample of this study was composed of 153 male nursing students from Faculty of Nursing at Ain Shams University and fulfilled study inclusion criteria.
Sample criteria:
Sample was selected in the study according to certain criteria: male nursing students who study obstetrics in the third year and male nursing students in the fourth year that had retrograde experience about obstetrics. The internship male nursing students were added to sample size to become satisfactory (153) in the academic year 2014-2015. They were distributed as follows:
• Third year male nursing students=41
• Fourth year male nursing students=84
• Male nurse interns available at the time of data collection=28
Data collection tools:
I-Interviewing questionnaire
It was designed by the researcher based on reviewing related literatures. It was divided into 4 parts:
Part (1): It was designed to assess the male nursing student’s socio-demographic characteristics as age, original residence, marital status, academic year and achievements in maternity nursing course, father’s job, and education, mother’s education and job.
Part (2): It was designed to assess male nursing student’s experience in practical training of antenatal and intra-natal areas and theoretical experiences about maternity courses as (description of curriculum, objectives and suitability, achievements of objectives from antenatal and labor clinical training, teaching /learning methods, resources and clinical setting).
Part (3): It was designed to assess the most embarrassing procedures, comfort level, practical and theoretical barriers, most favorable and gratifying area giving experience, communication with female patient, clinical instructor, hospital team and female colleagues.
Part (4): It was designed to identify suggestions to optimize maternity nursing course, future career plan and ways of being treated differently in maternity units.
II. A5-point
Likert Rating Scale to assess male nursing student’s attitude towards maternity nursing course.
Results of the present study revealed that:
• Student’s age range was between less than twenty to more than twenty four. Moreover, 64.0% of them were in the age range between 20 to 22 years with mean age (21.8 ± 2.1).
• Regarding the residence, 63.4% of them came from urban area. As for their marital status and academic year and achievements, more than half of them were in the fourth year and taking very good in maternity nursing course.
• Concerning male nursing students` experience in practical and theoretical maternity nursing, slightly less than two thirds of them were satisfied with using of teaching / learning method and resources.
• Majority of the sample showed that, faculty skill lab and Obstetrics and Gynecological Hospital were fair place for clinical training in antenatal and labor areas.
• Nearly three quarters (73.2%) of the study sample reported that the most embarrassing procedures in antenatal clinical training were breast examination.
• More than half (66.0%) of study sample reported that the most embarrassing procedures in labor clinical training were vaginal examination and care for episiotomy area.
• Half (50.3%) of the study sample had low level of comfort when performing maternity nursing procedures.
• Three quarters (75.8%) of the study sample reported that the most favorable and gratifying experiences in maternity nursing clinical training was labor area.
• Most of the study sample had educational, student’s and hospital barriers.
• Half (50.3%) of male students had positive relationship with female client, female colleagues, clinical instructor and hospital health team.