الفهرس 
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Abstract
The present study was performed on, thirty birds of the three species. Ten healthy mature geese, ten healthy mature ducks and ten healthy mature pigeons of both sexes. The dorsal, ventral and splenic lobes and pancreatic duct from pancreas were excised rapidly, after slaughter of the birds.
The specimens for light microscopy were immediately fixed in 10% buffered neutral formalin and processed for paraffin technique. Sections of 5-6 µm thickness were obtained and stained with different stains. About 1 mm³ tissue pieces for transmission electron microscopy were fixed in a buffered (1% glutaraldehyde and 10 % formaldehyde in 0.1 M phosphate buffer at pH. 7.4 and 4°C). Ultrathin sections were cut and stained with uranyl acetate and lead citrate examined and photoghraphed with JEOL JEM. Immunohistochemical methods were applied were done to detect the distribution of islet᾽s cells using anti- glucagon and anti-insulin.
The results showed that the morphology of the pancreas of the three species was similar but not identical. The pancreas was located in the right abdominal cavity in between the descending and ascending limbs of the duodenum with pale rosy in goose and pigeon and whitish in duck. Our studies revealed that in goose the ventral limb exceeds the dorsal limb in length, but in duck and pigeon were almost equal in length. Pancreas did not fill the space between the two duodenal limbs in goose and duck but fill the space in pigeon. In the goose, the splenic lobe of.