الفهرس 
AbstractOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
 |  | from | 32 |  |  |
| | | from | 32 | | |
Abstract
The present study was conducted to determine the prevalence of some bacterial infections in the captive wild animals at Giza zoo. The study was done during the period from April 2008 to December 2012. A number of 30 animal species belong to 12 Families and groups; include Canidae, Felidae, Hyaenidae, Ursidae, Rodent, Elephantidae, Otariidae, Primates, Bovidae, Camelidae, Equidae and Macropodidae were examined. The study involved 16 cases from total of 55 Canines, 4 cases from 51 Felines, one case from one 5 striped hyena. one case from one Asiatic black bear, 10 cases from 275 Rodents, two cases from 2 Indian elephants, one case from 5 South American Sea lions, 14 cases from 74 Primates, 24 cases from 200 Bovines, one case from 11 Dromedary Camels, one case from 12 Equines and three cases from 6 Macropods. This study denoted the standing of common bacterial infection problems encountered in various animal species at Giza zoo in the period of the study. The most common manifestations detected in the clinical cases were diarrhea, respiratory disorders, navil ill, suppurative wounds, suppurative otitis, purulent sinusitis, oral actinobacillosis, bloat. The most common types of diseases in the animals involved in the study based on necropsy examination were enteritis, pneumonia, septicemia, nephritis, myocarditis, endometritis,liquifactive necrosis (gangrene), gastritis and gastric ulcer. A total of 133 isolates of Gram negative and Gram positive bacteria were recovered from 78 cases of clinical cases and postmortem examination from diseased mammals belonging to 30 different animal species during the period of the study. Concerning to the Gm negative bacterial isolates it was found that E coli were isolated from 34 cases, proteus spp. 20 cases, Pseudomonas spp. 19 cases, Klebsiella spp. 10 cases, Yersinia spp. 4 cases, Pasteurella multocida 2 cases, while Salmonella sp., Shigella sp., Serratia sp. and Actinobacillus sp. had been isolated from only one case each, The Gm positive bacterial isolates were Staphylococcus spp. were isolated from 29 cases, Streptococcus spp. 5 cases, and Corynbacterium spp. isolated from 6 cases. The in vetro-sensitivity test had been done only on 105 isolates (32 Gram positive and 73 gram negative). Among 32 Gram positive isolates (65.6%) were susceptible to Gentamicin which was found the most effective antibiotic on Gram positive isolates, while Cloramphenicol (46.8%), Amikacin (43.7%), Oxytetracyclin (31.2%), Ciprofloxacin and Cephalexin (28.1%), Enrofloxacin and Norfloxacin (25%), Penicillin and Trimethoprim&Sulphamethaxazole (21.8%), Amoxicillin and Erythromycin (18.7%), Ampicillin and Sulbactam&Cefoperazone (15.6%), Amoxicillin clavulanic (12.5%), Ceftazidime (9.3%), Lincomycin (6.2%) and Bacitracin (3.1%). Among 73 Gram negative isolates (71.2 %) were susceptible to Gentamicin which was the most effective antibiotic on Gram negative isolates in vitro, folowed by Amikacin (56.1%), Colistin (54.7%), Chloramphenicol (34.2%), Norfloxacin (31.5%), Enrofloxacin (28.7%), Trimethoprim & Sulphamethaxazole (27.3%), Cephalexin (23.2%), Ciprofloxacin, (20.5%), Ceftazidim (17.8%), Amoxicillin clavulanic (12.3%), Sulbactam & Cefoperazone (9.5%), Terramycin (Oxytetracyclin) and Erythromycin (5.4%), while Ampicillin, Amoxicillin and Spectinomycin (2.7%) were found the least effective antibiotics on the Gram negative isolates in the present study.