الفهرس 
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Abstract
Objective: this study was designed to evaluate the ability of EDTA and Qmix irrigating solutions to remove smear layer using scanning electron microscope. Also evaluate and compare the sealing ability of different root canal sealers (AH Plus, EndoREZ, iRoot SP and MTA Fillapex), after irrigation by the two different irrigating solutions. Materials and Method: A total of one hundred and eighty extracted human single-rooted teeth were instrumented using rotary RaCe system upto # 40/0.04. Teeth were randomly divided into three main groups (n=60) according to the type of final irrigants used (saline, EDTA and Qmix). Each group was further subdivided into two subgroups according to smear layer evaluation (n=12) and apical microleakage evaluation (n=48). For evaluation of the sealing ability, the root canals of each irrigation group were obturated with gutta percha and the four tested sealers (AH Plus, EndoREZ, iRoot SP and MTA Fillapex). Scanning electron microscope (SEM) was used for evaluation of the smear layer on the canal wall and dye extraction method was performed for evaluation of apical microleakage. Data were statistically analyzed using ANOVA for microleakage test and Inter-group comparison of categorical data was performed by using chi square test (X2-value). Results: SEM evaluation showed no significant difference between Qmix and 17% EDTA in removing the smear layer. Removal of the smear layer at the coronal third was significantly better than the apical third. No significance difference was found, in the microleakage of (AH Plus, EndoREZ, iRoot SP and MTA Fillapex) using either EDTA or QMix, however microeakage of MTA Fillapex was significantly decreased after removal of the smear layer by Qmix irrigation. Conclusion: The newly introduced sealers (EndoREZ, iRoot SP and MTA Fillapex) did not offer an advantage, as regard to theire sealing ability, over the conventionally used AH plus sealer. Final irrigation with Qmix did not improve the removal of smear layer as compared with EDTA irrigation. Irrigation with Qmix as a final rinse may enhance the sealing ability of MTA Fillapex sealer, while the sealing ability of AH plus, EndoREZ and iRoot SP was not affected by the removal of smear layer using either EDTA or Qmix irrigation.