الفهرس | Only 14 pages are availabe for public view |
Abstract In this research, the main idea was to determine uniformity of flow rate along drip lateral depending on the average of absolute deviation and coefficient of variation (CV) of emitter flow rate. A field experiment was conducted for 50 m of lateral length with outer diameter 16mm and φ13.6mm inner and variation of emitter types, flow rates and spacing between emitters. Several points were taken into consideration, such as emitter characteristic friction loss, manufacturing variation, flow rate, hydraulic variation. Study compared between available theoretical and field parameters for friction losses, flow rates and lateral length. All the last items were effected to select the best emitter performance, the best operation pressure, emitter discharge and spacing. The results showed high correlation between field CVf and determined CVt . It was noticed that the average friction loss increased when pressure and emitter flow rate were increased. The various drip irrigation design parameters were studied and their relationships verified through simulation. The effect of emitter grouping was studied through simulation and its relation to the situation when the emitters are ungrouped was found. Finally, using three different design methods to access the optimal design for trickle irrigation system under the same specification resulted in the best system design and high water in distribution in comparison with flow variation method for lateral line, in spite of the fact that the price was the same and saving energy cost, by reducing friction losses. |