الفهرس 
Bronchiectasis in ChildrenOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Bronchiectasis is defined as an abnormal, permanent, and irreversible dilatation of the bronchi due to the destruction of the elastic and muscular components of their walls. That condition represents the final common pathway of several respiratory and systemic diseases. Its incidence exhibits wide variation among different populations, this wide variation might be accounted for by the use of different diagnostic methods and different criteria for patient selection.
It has also been suggested, conversely, that thoracic kyphosis and scoliosis may contribute to poor lung function and impaired clearance of secretions through altered chest mechanics resulting from structural changes of the spine and rib cage. A vicious cycle may develop with deteriorating posture, lung function, and overall health and wellbeing.
Adam’s test is the screening test which can detect the vertebral column deformities by inspection and palpation, Cobb’s angle for scoliosis and the standard (Cobb) measuring technique for kyphosis are the standard methods for quantitative assessment of the vertebral column curvature.
This cross-sectional study was designed with the aim to evaluate frequency of scoliosis and kyphosis as types of vertebral column deformities that occur among children with cystic fibrosis and non cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis. It included 30 patients dignosed with bronchiectasis(13 patients as CF-bronchiectasis and17 patients as NCF-bronchiectasis) according to Pasteur et al 2010 and HRCT who were regularly following up at Pediatric Chest clinic at Children’s hospital, Ain Shams University in the period from October 2014 till April 2015. Thirty- age and sex matched children - were also included as a control group, they were clinically free of chronic lung diseases for whom chest X-ray was routinely indicated.
The mean age of patients included in the study is 8.450+4.30years, with mean age for cystic fibrosis group was 6.576+4.577 years and for NCFB group was 9.882+3.590 years.
All patients were subjected to:
Full medical history, thorough clinical examination, spirometric pulmonary functioning testing for children over 5 years & IOS for cooperative patients below 5 years, radiological evaluation included plain chest radiograph, posterior anterior and lateral views and high resolution Chest computerized tomography (HRCT) scan.
Scoliosis and kyphosis angles were quantitatively assessed by use of Cobb’s angle for scoliosis and the standard (Cobb) measuring technique for kyphosis for both patients and control groups.
Regarding Adam’s test among bronchiectasis group, it was positive in both patients with cobb’s angle more than 10 and cobb’s angle more than 40 for scoliosis and kyphosis respectively.
There was statistically significant higher kyphosis angle in patient group compared to control group (p=0.02) and non significant difference between both groups regarding scoliosis angle.
Results of the current study show significant positive correlation between age of patient and scoliosis angle and not with kyphosis angle.
Frequency of scoliosis and kyphosis among studied Bronchiectasis patients was the same as prevalence of scoliosis and kyphosis, and gender and location predilectionas in the normal population, thus it could be idiopathic in origin.