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Abstract Two field trials were carried out in each of 1997 and 1998 growing seasons at Wadi Sudr Experimental Station, Desert Research Center on blue panic (Panicum antidotale) The trials were designed to evaluate the response of panic plants to water irrigation salinity i.e. 3400 and 5800 ppm and different levels of two amendments, i.e., powder elemental sulfiu· (0.0, 0. 75 and 1.5 t/fad) or organic manure (0.0, I 0, 20 and 40m3/fad) and their combinations. The summary was divided as follows: I. Effect of powder elemental sulfur on: I. I. Growth characters: The data in the first season indicated that growth characters of panic plant including plant height, tillers number !/8m2 and flag leaf area did not significantly affect by sulfur application at every cut under the two levels of water irrigation salinity. Using water with high salinity realised appreciable decreases of the above parameters. It was also found an intrinsic increases in the average of growth parameters versus the cut lllllllber. Maximum values were ltlllnd at the third cut i(JIIowed by remarkable decreases at the fourth one. In I <)98 season, the samt: trend was found with higher rt:stilts as compared to the first one. In addition the data of both seasons were highn at 3400 than 5800 pp1n water salinity. 1.2. Yield parameters: The data of the first season cleared significant incrc<Jses in le<Jves, stems and their total fresh yield with applying 0.75 t sulfur/litd at the first and second cuts. At I 0 I the third and fourth cuts, applying 1.5 I sulfm/l:1d obtained statistically the highest yields. This finding was noticed under irrigation with each of :\400 or 5800 ppm water salinity. In addition the higher the concentration of water salinitv the lower the plant fi-csh yield. Also, the yield parameters were increased by ndvnncing the cut rcnching tlw maximum v:1lues at the third one l”ollowcd by mmkcd decrement at the fomlh cut. In I <J’lS gro\\ing SC<lSOII. the maximum fresh and drv pl;mt yields and accumulated yields were <II 1.5 I sui furll~1d and low water irrigntion snlinily. The fresh yields were increased by ndvancing cut till the fourth one nncl substantially decreased nlthc last one. In addition, the high water irrigntion salinity decreased all the above parameters. I.:\ Chcmicnl content: The dntn elucidate high significant values of crude protein, total cnrbohydratcs and crude fibers due to applying 1.5 t sulfur/fad. The highest crude protein colllcnl was monitored nt the third cut. Whereas, ether extract and ash content in stems and leaves were slightly alTeclcd by sulfur dose at each cut under two levels of water irrigntion salinilv. The concentrations of” crude protein, ether cxlracl. ash and fibers were higher i11 leaves than stems of panic plants. Concerning crude l”ibcrs conttnl, the highest values were i<HIIHl al I he second cut. The average of ether extract :md ash content were insignificantly affected by sulfur doses under the two levels of water irrigation salinity. from the above findings, it could he mentioned thai leaves of panic plnnts arc richer in crude protein, ether extract and ash contents than stems. Also, there was a slight effect of water irrigation snlinity on chemical composition of leaves and stems in 1998 growing season. In addition , the crude protein content was lower in the second than the 105 first growing season. Generally, the dose of 1.5 t sulfur/fad gave the best chemical content in vegetative organs of panic plants. 2. Effect of organic manure: 2.1. Growth characters: The data observed that plants irrigated with 3400 or 5800 ppm water salinity did not affect the plant growth characters at the first cut under the different levels of organic manure. Thereafter the growth parameters increased with increasing organic manure dose. It means that the maximum values were at I 0, 20 and 40 m3 organic manure/fad at the second, third and fourth cuts, respectively. The response of panic plants was higher under low than high water salinity. In the second 1998 growing season, the maximum tillers number/n/ and nag leaf area were in the second and third cuts by adding I 0 111 1 organic manure/fad. Increase the organic manure dose up to 40 m3 obtained the maximum values at the fourth and fifth cuts. These results were true under 3400 or 5800 ppm water salinity. The maximum values of growth parameters were at the third cut followed by gradual decreasing till the last one. 2.2. Yil’ld l’:tr:nnefl’n; The fresh yield of leaves and stems was increased by mcrcasing organic manure level up to 20 rn3/fad. Whereas, the total fin;Jge yield obtained the highest significant values at 40m1/fad. These findings were noticed under low 3400 or high 5800 ppm water salinity. In the second season, the fresh yield parameters were increased by increase organic manure dose till 40 m3/fad. These results were found at each cut nnd under the two studied levels of water salinity. The I ()(, (>\>taincd values were higher than those at the first season. ln addition, in both two seasons, all studied growth parameters were increased versus cut number reaching the maximum at the third one then diminished at the li.1urth and lirth ones. In the lirst season, the data indicated high performance of plants to accumulate dry matter in leaves and sll’ms by increasing organic manure doses to 20 m1/bd The dry matter yield of plant organs reached its maximum values at the third cut (i.)llowed by intensive decrease at the fomth one. In addition, the income of plant dry matter was higher under low than high salinity. In the second season, the rak of dry matter accumulation was higher than at the rirst season. The highest results obtained at the rirst three cuts were at 40m1 organic manure dose. Whereas, at the fourth and !in h cuts, I Om’ organic manure was more adapted 2.3. Chemical content: The data revealed that 20 m’ organic manure/fad was the suitable dose for maximum concentration of most of the biological components in panic plant stems and leaves. ;\\cragl’ crude protein and crude fibers in the two seasons and under the two levels of water irrigation salinity reached their maximum values at the third and second cuts, n:spcctivcly, followed by gradual decrement. Plant leaves showed higher concentrations of crude protein; crude fibers, ether extract and minerals then stems. The crude protein L’\lntcnt in leaves and stems were markedly decreased in the second comparing to the first season. These decreases were corresponding with remarkable increment in total carbohydrates and crude fibers in stems and ether extract in leaves and stems of panic plants. In the second season, the data showed remarkable increase in crude protein and ether 107 extract content in stems and leaves versus cut number till the third one followed by gradual decrease. The same observation was found for p:n1ie plants under higher salinity of both the soil and water irrigation. 3. Effect of inten1ction between sulfur and organic manure on : 3.1. G•·owth chan1cters: Statistical analysis of the data indicated no significant effects of the interaction between powder elemental sulfur and organic manure. 3.2. Yield pa•·amete•·s: In 1998 growing seasons, the panicum plants gave the maximum highest yield of stems leaves and total forage by applying the combination of20m1 organic manure and 1.5 t sulfur/fad. 3.3. Chemical content: The response of pantc plants to accumulate the maximum values of the biological components under irrigated with 3400 ppm water salinity was as li:lllows: In 1997 growing season the highest values li1r crude fibers and ash content (I’’ cut) in sten1s, total carbohydrates and ash content (]’” cut) and crude protein (4’11 cut) in leaves. In 1998 growing season, it was li.)und for crude protein (3”1 cut). crude fibers (’I”’ cut) and ash content (5’11 cut) in stems :md ether L’\:lr:Jcl (<1’ 11 cut) in leaves. This finding was obtained by applying the combination of 40 m1 organic manure and 1.5 t sulfur/fi1d. This combination was also found for plants irrigated with 5800 ppm water salinity The maximum values in 1997 season were for crude protein (I’’ ;md .1 rd cuts) in stems, crude fibers and ether extract (I st lOS cut) and crude protein (3’d cut) in the leaves. In 1998 season, maximum values were found for crude protein (3”1 cut) and et 11 er extract (5 th cut) 1.1 1 stems b y app 1y m. g 20 n1’1 orr,am. c manure and 0.75 t sulfur/li1d as well as crude fibers (5 1 ’ cut) in leaves under 40 m’ organic manure and 1.5 t sulfur/fad. |