الفهرس 
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Abstract
The abdominal problems in dogs that included hernia (umbilical and Inguinal ), foreign bodies in gastrointestinal tract (stomach and intestine), tumor of gastrointestinal tract, stomach torsion, bloat, intestinal intussusceptions , intestinal anastomosis, urinary tract tumors, stones of urinary tract, overiohystroctomy and splenoectomy is the main abdominal problems that affected dohs under Egyptian conditionsThe present study was aimed to throw the light on: Prevalance of abdominal problems in dogs under Egyptian conditions, the differences in the abdominal problems types among breeds, age, regions of the body, treatments of abdominal problems in dogs, the importance of surgical abdominal problems and injuries in the diagnosis and treatment of dogsThis study was carried-out during the period extended from 2011 – 2013 on 100 cases of dogs related to breeds of Rotwieller, Germanssheepared, Golden retriver , Boxer , mixed as well as native breeds.. They were collected from different locations at Alexandria city. Veterinary medicine province was the main source. Some cases were collected from the clinic at the Faculty of veterinary medicine-Alexandria University and some from the private clinic and animal health center at Alex. The characters of the dog that we collected from them the samples characterized by : The dog weight ranged from 1 – 40 Kg and its age ranged from 1 – 12 yearsAll cases were subjected to throughly clinical examinations including inspection and recording of pulse rate and body temperature, blood works with special examination palpation of the affected organs beside case history for any truma, accidents and contusions. Different surgical operations were made when necessary needing, using Xylazine HCl (Xylaject)® 1 – 7 mgSurgical instrument, surgical suture material, anesthesia, pre and post operative requirements. Great variety of medical therapy was used including local preparation and systemic medicationThe anesthesia protocols- General anesthesia:- Xylaject (Xylazine HCl 2 %) Bayer in a dose of 1 mg/ Kg sodium, Bichemie Gmbh, 20 mg / Kg bw. In cats: Xylajet 1 mg/kg bw , Ketamine panpharam (Ketamine HCl) Panpharma SA, 20 mg/Kg bwt. With or without premedition with atropine sulphate a dose of 0.1 / Kg bwtOur results concluded that1-The incidence of surgical affections among examined dogs, showed that, the higher incidences of surgical affections in examined dogs observed in foreign bodies in gastro intestinal tract, hernia , stones in urinary tract, overiohystroctomy, blout and intestinal intussusceptions . While the lower incidences of surgical affection observed in urinary bladder tumor , Stomach torsion, splenoectomy and urinary tract tumors. The results of types of hernia among examined dogs indicate that, the higher incidence of hernia observed in umbilical hernia at the age range 3 – 5 years of examined animals affected by hernia and inguinal hernia at the age range 3 – 5 years . The results of sharp perforating objects indicated that, it observed in 9 cases (4 males and 5 females) at the age range (2-3years) with a percentage of( 69.2% )from the number of examined dogs suffered from sharp objects . Also ,it recorded in 4 cases of the examined dogs (2 males and 2 females)it is ranged from (1-3 years)with a percentage of (30.7%)from dogs suffering from sharp objects. This results attributed to the most cases bred in house especially the female dogs which commonly played by the sharp objects especially the nails and needles that causes the increasing level of the sharp penetrating objects in female than male. -The results of incidence and distribution of the foreign body among different parts of the body in dogs cleared that, the higher incidence of the foreign bodies observed in stomach and Jejunum, while, the lower incidences of foreign bodies in digestive tract observed in cecum and colon and the medium incidences level of the foreign bodies observed in deudenum, ilium and iliocecal vulveThe results of the types of the foreign body in the digestive tract of the dogs cleared that, the higher incidence types of the foreign bodies observed in stomach were stones , Rubber objective, plastic objects , metal objective . while, the lower incidences of foreign bodies in digestive tract observed in stopper, Marble, Bones, Glass objects and Calami-The results of survival and fatality rate among the age and sex of the dog indicated that, age of 2 year of age the cured rate in male higher than that of the female and the dead percentage lower than that of the female and this percentage increased with increasing the dog age-The results of causes, symptoms and treatment of the intestinal intussuption problems in dogs cleared that, at the age of one to two yerars old the animal suffered from intestinal intussuption most of them male , most of them related to German shephered and Rotwieller and suffered from bloody fecal with no worms and the cause unknown and may be weak immunity. At 24 month female and 26 month male the animal suffered from abdominal pain with jelly fecal consistency and the foreign bodies unkown in its type and the dogs related to German shephered . All cases treated by surgery-Our results cleared that, the mammary gland tumors in bitch occurred in the age range from 7- 12.10 years of age. And commonly observed in the left side teats than the right side teats and rarely occur in one teat but commonly occur in two or three teats. The breed most commonly infected with mammary gland tumors are mixed breeds. The symptoms of the mammary gland tumor were small solid mass, movable. The treatment commonly occur by remove of affected glands local or partially or totally (Mastectomy) and remove the related lymph node to the affected glands -The results of the incidences of the urinary tract tumor is rarely to observed in dogs and observed only in one case from the examined dog cases and commonly found in the urinary bladder and in urter and its prognosis of is bad and the treatment of urinary tract tumor done through trying to remove the tumor but it spread in urinary bladder and urter-Our results of spleen abnormalities indicated that, the causes of the spleen abnormalities were penetrating sharp foreign bodies in stomach and treated with partial removal (25 %), accident and treated with partial removal of spleen (25 %), torsion and congested spleen and treated with complete removal (25 %) and large mass and treated with complete removal (25 %). -The results of intestinal anastomosis, cleared that the intestinal anastomosis complications differ according to age of the incidences of the anastomosis, methods of surgery and most susceptible sex of either male or female for the causes of intestinal anastomosis-Our results on overiohysterectomy indicated that, the causes and incidence of overiohysterectomy observed in , the spay cause was found in a case at the age of 9.50 months by a percentage (68.70 %), pyometra was found at the range of 10 – 40 months of age by a percentage of (18.70 %) and the other causes especially loss of the fetus at the age range of 9 – 14 months by a percentage of 12.50 %-The results of surgical affections of urinary tract cleared that, our results cleared that, the urinary tract affections differ according to the breeds and the most cases includes stones and urolethiasis, thicknening of the blodder wall after anastomosis as well as trauma. The most lesions observed in urinary bladder, ureters and kidney-The results of affections and treatment of different lesions in urinary tract, constituted in bloat affection, bloat and intussception, and it differ from male to female and from breed to another and in older dogs of lower incidences than the young dogs and its treatment commobly by surgical interferences.