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Abstract The present investigation was conducted at Ismailia Agricultural Research Station during 2010 / 2011 season to study the effect of synthetic polymer hydrogel at 100, 75 and 50% available soil water (ASW) as well as two sources of N, P and K fertilizers on the growth factor of yield component, yield and some water relation of wheat crop under sprinkler irrigation in sandy soil .The investigation used traditional fertilizer (ammonium sulfate 20.6 % N + Super phosphate 15 % p2o5+ potassium sulfate 50%), untraditional fertilizer (urea formaldehyde 40% N + phosphoric acid 60 % P2O5 + humate potassium 10% K2O) and (50% traditional fertilizer + 50% untraditional fertilizer) The wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) variety which was used i.e, Giza 168. The experiment design was split- split plot design, with three replication, which irrigation regimes were allocated to the main plots, synthetic polymer hydrogel as with and without occupied the sub plot and the fertilizer of the sub- sub plot. The obtained results are summarized as follow: A-Growth characters Plant height Data revealed the difference between the with or without synthetic polymer hydrogel, the first treatment was being higher for plant height than without one. Concerning to the effect of irrigation water regime on plant height, results indicated that a significant effect of plant height under irrigation water regimes followed that descending order : 100>75>50% ASW, respectively. As far as a comparison between the responses to fertilizers used as traditional with those of untraditional ones indicated the latter to be less better than other forms . Irrigation of water regime at 100% ASW, with polymer and traditional fertilizers had significant effect on plant height. Number of spikes Data revealed difference between the without or with synthetic polymer hydrogel, the latter was being higher for number of spikes than without one. Concerning to the effect of irrigation water regime on number of spikes, results indicate that a significant effect of number of spikes under irrigation water regimes followed that descending order : 100> 75> 50% ASW, respectively. As far as a comparison between the traditional fertilizers, the untraditional fertilizers and (50% traditional fertilizer + 50% untraditional fertilizer) indicated that traditional fertilizer was being better than other forms. Results showed that irrigation regime at 100% ASW, with hydrogel and traditional fertilizers gave the maximum value. The medium effect was given by 75% ASW with hydrogel and 50% (traditional fertilizers + untraditional fertilizers). The lowest effect was given by 50% ASW without hydrogel and with untraditional fertilizers. 1000-grain weight Data revealed difference between the without or with synthetic polymer hydrogel, the latter was being higher for 1000- grain weight than without one. Concerning to the effect of irrigation water regime on 1000-grain weight, results indicated that a significant effect of 1000- grain weight under irrigation water regimes followed that descending order : 100> 75> 50%ASW, respectively. As far as a comparison between the traditional fertilizers, the untraditional fertilizers and (50% traditional fertilizer + 50% untraditional fertilizer) indicated that traditional fertilizer was being better than other form. The results revealed significant differences between treatments. Results showed that 100 % ASW, with hydrogel and traditional fertilizers significantly increased these characters, while 50% ASW without hydrogel and untraditional fertilizers significantly decreased these characters. The medium effect was given by 75% ASW with hydrogel and with (50% traditional fertilizers+ 50% untraditional fertilizers). 80 B- Yields 1- Biological yields Data revealed difference between the without or with synthetic polymer hydrogel, the latter was being higher for biological yield than without one. Concerning to the effect of irrigation water regime on biological yield, results indicated that a significant effect of biological yield under irrigation water regimes the followed that descending order : 100> 75> 50% ASW, respectively. Results indicated that the effect of irrigation regimes at 100% ASW, with hydrogel and traditional fertilizers on biological yield was given the highest value / fed (4410 Kg). Irrigation regimes at 75% ASW with hydrogel and 50% (traditional + untraditional fertilizers) gave the medium value (4080 Kg fed-1). Irrigation regimes at 50% ASW without hydrogel and untraditional fertilizers gave the lowest value/fed (2470 Kg fed-1). 2- Grain yield Data revealed difference between the without or with synthetic polymer hydrogel, the latter was being higher for grain yield than without one. Concerning to the effect of irrigation water regime on grain yield, results indicated that a significant effect of grain yield under irrigation water regimes followed that descending order : 100> 75> 50% ASW , respectively . As far as a comparison between the traditional fertilizers, the untraditional fertilizers and (50% traditional fertilizer + 50% untraditional fertilizer) indicated that traditional fertilizer was being better than other form Results clearly showed that irrigation regimes at 100% ASW with hydrogel and traditional fertilizers gave the highest value followed by irrigation regimes 75% ASW with hydrogel and (50% traditional + 50% untraditional fertilizers), while the lowest value was given from 50% ASW without hydrogel and untraditional fertilizers. 81 3-Straw yield Data revealed difference between the without or with synthetic polymer hydrogel, the latter was being higher for straw yield than without one. Concerning to the effect of irrigation water regime on straw yield, results indicated that a significant effect of straw yield at irrigation water regimes followed that descending order : 100> 75> 50% ASW, respectively. As far as a comparison between the traditional fertilizers, the untraditional fertilizers and (50% traditional fertilizer + 50% untraditional fertilizer) indicated that traditional fertilizer was being better than other form. The wet treatment (100%) ASW produced the highest value with hydrogel and traditional fertilizers from straw yield/fed and was given the same previous results. 4-Harvest index The results indicated that irrigation regimes at 100% ASW without hydrogel and with untraditional fertilizers was significantly effected the harvest index, comparing with the applied hydrogel, the irrigation water regimes at 50% ASW and the traditional fertilizers. C- Chemical composition Data revealed difference between the without or with synthetic polymer hydrogel, the latter was being higher for grain and straw (N, P and K content) than without one. Concerning to the effect of irrigation water regime on grain and straw (N, P and K content), results indicated that a significantly effect of grain and straw (N,P and K content) under irrigation water regimes followed that descending order : 100> 75> 50% ASW, respectively. As far as a comparison between the traditional fertilizers, the untraditional fertilizers and (50% traditional fertilizer + 50% untraditional fertilizer) indicated that traditional fertilizer was being better than other form. The effect of applied synthetic polymer hydrogel on grain and straw (N, P and K content) were significantly obtained the highest values. Irrigation regime 82 with 100% available soil water and treatment with traditional fertilizers gave the highest values from N, P and K content, followed by irrigation regimes with 75% available soil water, then the lowest values was obtained from without applied polymer and irrigation water regimes with 50% available soil water . Data revealed difference between the without or with synthetic polymer hydrogel, the latter was being higher for grain and straw (N, P and K uptake kg/fed) than without one. Concerning to the effect of irrigation water regime on grain and straw (N, P and K uptake kg/fed). Results indicated that a significantly effect of grain and straw N, P and K uptake (kg/fed) under irrigation water regimes followed that descending order : 100> 75> 50% ASW , respectively. As far as a comparison between the traditional fertilizers, the untraditional fertilizers and (50% traditional fertilizer + 50% untraditional fertilizer) indicated that traditional fertilizer was being better than other form. Effect of applied organic polymer on grain and straw (N, P and K uptake kg/fed) were significantly obtained the highest values. Irrigation regime with 100% available soil water gave the highest values from N, P and K uptake, followed by irrigation regimes with 75% available soil water and treatment with traditional fertilizers, then the lowest values was obtained from without applied organic polymer, irrigation water regimes with 50% available soil water, and treatment with untraditional fertilizers. D-Water Relation: Soil moisture level had a significant effect on water consumptive use. The wet treatment which was irrigated after the water regime of 100% ASW, consumed much more water, followed by the medium level (75%), and the lowest value of water consumption was found to be from the dry level (50%) water consumption. The interaction effect between the with organic polymer, water regime 100% ASW and traditional fertilizers was significant. The results showed that the 83 highest protein and carbohydrate percentage were obtained by the treatment with organic polymer (hydrogel), 100% ASW and traditional fertilizers. The experimental obtained data recommended that irrigation wheat plant by 100% available soil water under sprinkler irrigation system when water is available but when the water shortage irrigated with 50% available soil water , soil conditioners (hydrogel) and traditional fertilizers treatment in the sandy soil E-Fertilizer Use Efficiency: Soil moisture level had a positive effect on Fertilizer Use Efficiency. The wet treatment which was irrigated after the water regime of 100% ASW, consumed much more water, followed by the medium level (75%), and the lowest value of Fertilizer Use Efficiency was found to be from the dry level (50%) water consumption. Data revealed difference between the without or with synthetic polymer hydrogel, the latter was being higher for Fertilizer Use Efficiency than without one, and the traditional fertilizers was being better than other form , the lowest value of Fertilizer Use Efficiency was found to be from treatment with untraditional fertilizers. |