الفهرس 
Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD)Only 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
CKD is increasingly recognized as a public health problem, and is linked to the risk of development of cardiovascular diseases (CVD).In developing countries like Egypt, there is an increase in prevalence and incidence of end stage kidney disease (ESKD).The Presence of CKD is one of the most potent known risk factor for CVD. Mortality and morbidity due to CVD are substantial in CKD stage 4 and Stage 5 patients. Patients with CKD are at least 20 times more likely to die from CVD than survive to need dialysis or transplant.The hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a major public health problem and a leading cause of chronic liver disease.Egypt has the largest epidemic of hepatitis C virus (HCV) in the world. HCV genotype 4 represents over 90% of cases in Egypt.While HCV may infect other cells outside of the liver, most EHMs are thought to be secondary to the host immune response to the viral infection and not a direct viral cytopathic effect.Chronic HCV infection is able to influence glucose and lipid metabolism and thus to perturb the metabolic homeostasis of the host leading to extrahepatic consequences.