الفهرس 
PREFACE.Only 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
The construction and development of City Centres (heart of the City) have become a
crucial problem of Urban Design in recent years.
The fast rate of urbanisation ,accelerated by social change , by the scientific and technological
revoluUon, and - last but not least -by a particular demographic trend, demands not only that
existing, developing and expanding CiUes be able to accommodate grow1ng urban populations ,
but that many more new CiUes be built as well.
The Cores of existing CiUes, especially in the Middle East Region are outdated both
functionally and technically. The last development of City centres took place in Europe 70 - 90
years ago, that is the great City Centre developments were accomplished by about the tum of the
century. In the past fifty years, City development has been of an extens1ve nature. Cities
/ spreading over larger and larger areas lose their dosed character, and dissolve into landscape.
City Cores have become obsolete , when they fulfil one function only of perpetuating the past by
their survival_ Modern outer Centres for districts and suburbs surround outworn Cores , creating a
contradiction that 1s becoming more acute.The agglomeration process leads to the development
of giant metro pol j s. and linked up conurbatioffi; make the development of a structure of Centres
for these large Cluster units and agglomerations urgent