الفهرس 
Review of literatureOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
 |  | from | 465 |  |  |
| | | from | 465 | | |
Abstract
Biochemical effect of antimetabolites and nigella sativa on liver and blood in tumor bearing mice were investigated. This study was carried out on 360, 12-16 weeks old female mice and weighted 30-35gm. Mice were housed in a separate metal cages under the same constant environmental and nutritional condition through the period of investigation. Two chemotherapy drugs were used. One of the antimetabolites namely gemcitabine and the other of anthracyclin antibiotic drugs known as doxorubicin. To decrease the side effect of chemotherapy we used a natural protective antioxidant type named thymoquinone (alcoholic extract of nigella sativa oil). Mice were classified into two large experiments as follow:
Experiment I : Comprised of 180 female mice were injected with Ehrlich ascitis carcinoma (EAC) after a dose 0.2 ml, S/C in the medial aspect of thigh. Tumor developed and became palpable in all injected animals after 5-7 days post tumor inoculation. Then we classified the groups into six groups each of them comprised of 30 female mice.
Group 1 : TB-M act as a control were injected with 0.2 ml saline .
Group 2 : TB-M treated with a single injection of doxorubicin after a dose 5 mg/kg.b.w. I/P post tumor developed.
Group 3 : TB-M treated with gemcitabine after a dose 10 mg/kg b.w./ week for 3 successive weeks I/P post tumor developed.
Group 4 : TB-M treated with thymoquinone orally after a dose 8 mg/kg b.w. daily through drinking water. Thymoquinone was administered 7 days before tumor inoculation and during expriment (30 days).
Group 5 : TB-M treated with doxorubicin (5 mg/kg/ one week TIP) and thymoquinone (8 mg/kg b.w. / day orally) before tumor inoculation with in 7 days and during experiment (30 days).
Group 6 : TB-M treated with gemcitabine (10 mg/kg/ week I/P) and thymoquinone (8 mg / kg) daily orally before tumor induction and during experiment (30 days).
* Blood samples were collected from all group after 7, 14 and 21 days post injection of chemotherapy.
Experiment 2 : including 180 female mice were divided into 6 group. Each comprised of 30 female mice :
Group 1 : control injected with saline I/P.
Group 2 : Normal mice injected with doxorubicin I/P after a dose (5mg/ kg b.w. weekly) within 3 weeks rest and repeat again.
Group 3 : Normal mice injected with gemcitabine (10 mg/kg b.w.) I/P for 3 week followed by 1 week rest and repeat again.
Group 4 : Normal mice administered a thymoquinone (8 mg/kg b.w.) daily for 60 days per os.
Group 5 : normal mice administrated a doxorubicin (5 mg /kg b.w./ week) with 3 weeks rest and thymoquinone (8 mg/kg b.w./day) via drinking water.
Group 6 : Normal mice administrated a gemcitabine (10 mg/kg b.w) for 3 weeks followed by 1 week rest and thymoquinone (8 mg/kg b.w./ day) via drinking water.
b- NTB-M :
Doxorubicin with a thymoquinone showed a significant increase after 4 week compared to control and doxorubicin group.
-Gemcitabine adminstration showed a significant increase of glucose after 8 week in normal mice.
-Gemcitabine and thymoquinone administration showed a significant decrease after 2 weeks, significant increase after 4 weeks compared to control.
- Thymoquionone administration revealed significant increase after 8 weeks.
- Insulin :
a- TB-M
Significant decrease P< 0.05 of plasma Insulin level after 1 and 2 week post tumor induction compared to NTBM.
-A significant decrease of plasma insulin level after 2 and 3 weeks with doxorubicin treatment.
A significant increase after 2 weeks with gemcitabine and thymoquinone treatment compared to control while significant increase after 2 weeks as compared to gemcitabine group in TBM.
b- NTB-M
Significant decrease of plasma insulin level after 2, 4 and 6 weeks post doxorubicine injection compared to control while a significant increase after 2 weeks compared to doxorubicin treated group. Significant increase of plasma insulin concentration after 4 weeks after gemcitabine administration alone and in combination with TQ. of gemcitabine and thymoquinone as compared to control.
Significant decrease of insulin level after 2 weeks with adminstration of thymmoquinone.
a- TB-M
Significant increase of plasma AST activity after 2 weeks post doxorbicin treatment.
-Significant decrease of plasma AST activity after 3 weeks with combination of doxorbicin and thymoquinone compared to control while significant increased after 2 and 3 weeks compared to doxorbicin group.
-Significant increase of AST activity after 3 weeks with gemcitabine treatment in TBM.
b- NTB-M
-Significant increase of AST activity after 4, 6 and 8 weeks of
doxorubicin administration.
-Significant increase for experimental periods with gemcitabine,
doxorubicin administration and in combination with thymoquinone compared to control. Moreover, significant increase after 2 weeks and decrease after 4 week compared to doxorubicin group.
Significant increase after 2 weeks and significant decrease after 4 weeks compared to gemcitabine group.
-Significant increase after 4 and 6 weeks in plasma AST activity with
thymoquinone adminstration.
- Phospholipids :
Significant decrease P<0.05 in plasma phospholipid after 1 and 3 week in TBM compared to NTBM. highly significant increase P < 0.01 of plasma phospholipid concentration after 2 week in TBM compared to
a- TB-M.
Significant increase of plasma phospholipid concentration after 3 weeks with doxorubicin treatment.
-Combination of doxorubicin and thymoquinone exhibited a significant decrease after 3 weeks.
-Significant increase after treatment with gemcitabine after 1 and 2 week decrease after treatment with gemcitabine and thymoquinone after 1 and 2 weeks as related to gemcitabine group.
-Non significant changes with thymoquinone treatment.
b- NTBM :
-Significant increase of plasma phospholipid level after 2 and 4 week after administration of doxorubicin after 4 and 8 weeks with
combination of doxorubicin and thymoquinone
-Significant increase after 2 and 4 weeks of gemcitabine
administration. Also, with a combination of gemcitabine and thymoquinone moreover, significant decrease after 4 and 6 weeks
compared to gemcitabine group
-A significant decrease after 6 week and significant increase after 8
weeks in plasma phospholipid level after administration of thymoquinone. - Significant decrease of plasma LDL after 4 week with administration of thymoquinone.
- VLDL:
Highly significant decrease P<0.01 of plasma VLDL concentration in after 1 week in TBM compared to NTBM. Significant decrease in plasma VLDL concentration after 1 week in TBM compared to NTBM.
a-TB-M :
- Significant increase of plasma VLDL after 2 weeks with doxorubicin alone and in combination with thymoquinone increase with treatment with doxorubicin and thymoquinone compared to control and significant decrease after 1 week and 3 week while significant increase after 2 week compared to doxorubicin group.
- Significant increase after 1 and 2 week of plasma VLDL with treatment of gemcitabine
- Significant increase after 2 and 3 week after combination of gemcitabine and thymoquinone compared to control while significant decrease as compared to gemcitabine group.
- Significant increase of plasma VLDL by treatment with thymoquinone
b-NTBM :
- Significant decrease after 4 week and significant increase after 6 week by administration of thymoquninone and doxorubicin compared to control while a significant increase after 8 weeks compared to doxorubicin treated group.
- Significant increase after 2 and 8 weeks after administration a gemcitabine in VLDL level. Significant increase after 2 week, significant decrease after 4 week by administration of gemcitabine and thymoquinone compared to control and significant decrease after 4 and 8 week compared to gemcitabine
- Significant increase after 2 week in plasma VLDL after administration of thymoquinone. Highly significant increase in plasma urea concentration through experimental period in TBM compared to NTBM.
a- TB-M :
-Significant increase of plasma urea concentration after treatment with doxorubicin after 1 week and significant decrease after 3 weeks.
-Significant decrease of plasma urea concentration after 1 and 2 weeks post gemcitabine alone and in combination with thymoquinone as compared to control.
-Significant increase after 3 week in urea level after treatment with thymoquinone.
b- NTB-M :
-Significant increase of plasma urea level after 4 and 8 weeks by doxorubicin administration alone or in combination with thymoquinone as compared to control or by administration of gemcitabine alone or in combination with thymoquinone
-Significant increase in urea level after 2, 6 and 8 weeks post thymoqyuinone administration.