الفهرس 
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Abstract
In the present study, the concentrations of thiabendazole in blood, urine and milk following oral administration were estimated in normal and naturally Trichostrongylus infested goats.The pharmacokinetic parameters , drug clearance, creatinine and urea clearances were calculated . The effect of thiabendazole on some serum biochemical parameters in normal and naturally Trichostrongylus infested goats was also studied. * Biological fluid concentrations and pharmacokinetics of thiabendazole:- Blood concentrations of thiabendazole (gg/m1.) in normal and Trichostronglus infested goats following oral dose of 50 mg / kg.b.wt. twice with 14 days interval revealed that the plasma concentrations of thiabendazole were significantly decreased in Trichostronglus infested goats after the first than those in non infested ones .Significant decrease was shown from 2 to 144 hours after the administration of the first dose in infested than in non infested goats . The pharmacokinetic parameters of thiabendazole in normal and Trichostronglus infested goats revealed a significant decrease in absorption rate constant ( Kab) , absorption half life ( t 0.5 ab) calculated maximal concentration ( C max.) , maximal (C max .) and ( C min.)blood concentration at steady state as well as the elimination half life ( t 0.5 p) in infested goats in comparison to the normal group following administration of the first dose. Urine concentrations of thiabendazole (pg/ml.) in normal and Trichostrongylus infested goats following oral dose of 50 mg / kg.b.wt. twice with 14 days interval reached its maximum level at 6 hours post —administration . These concentrations were significantly lower in naturally Trichostrongylus infested goats than in normal goats after first dose ,from 6 to 48 hours post administration . The results showed that urine concentrations of thiabendazole were not changed significantly after second dose in naturally Trichostrongylus infested goats than normal goats. The amount of urine ( ml / min. ) voided by normal and Trichostrongylus infested goats following oral dose of 50 mg / kg.b.wt. twice with 14 days interval revealed that significant decrease in naturally Trichostrongylus infested goats than normal goats after first and second doses. Thiabendazole clearance ( ml / min./ 10 kg.b.wt.) from blood of normal and Trichostrongylus infested goats following oral dose of 50 mg / kg.b.wt. twice with 14 days interval revealed that decreased significantly from 4 to 8 hours after first close in naturally Trichostrongylus infested goats than normal goats. Milk concentrations of of thiabendazole (lig/mi.) in normal and Trichostrongylus infested goats following oral dose of 50 mg / kg.b.wt. twice with 14 days intervals were decreased significantly at 12, 24 , and 96 hours after first dose in naturally Trichostrongylus infested goats than normal goats. The results showed that Milk concentrations of thiabendazole revealed insignificantly changes after second dose between naturally Trichostrongylus infested goats and normal goats. ** Effect of thiabendazole on some biochemical paramters, enzymatic activities and clearance testes:- The effect of 50 mg thiabendazole / kg b.wt. in normal and Trichostrongylus infested goats following two oral doses with 14 days intervals ,on total protein , albumin , globulin , albumin / globulin ratio and glucos revealed that the drug increased significantly the tested parameters after the first dose in naturally Trichostrongylus infested goats when compared with recorded data before drug administration except glucose .In contrast , there were significant decrease in total protien , albumin in naturally Trichostrongylus infested goats when compared to the normal goats after the first dose of thiabendazole . The effect of 50 mg thiabendazole / kg b.wt. in normal and Trichostrongylus infested goats following two oral doses with 14 days intervals on the activities of aspartate aminotransferase (AST) , alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) was studied . The reported data revealed a significant decrease of aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase after administration of the first dose of thiabendazole in naturally Trichostrongylus infested goats when compared with the recorded data before drug administration .The activities of aspartate aminotransferase , alanine aminotransferase were increased significantly while the activites of alkaline phosphate was increased insignificantly when compared the resultes of infested goats after first dose with that of non infested goats . The effect of 50 mg thiabendazole / kg b.wt. in normal and Trichostrongylus infested goats following two oral doses with 14 days intervals on creatinine concentrations in serum and urine was investigated.The reported data revealed that the first administration of thiabendazole in naturally Trichostrongylus infested goats produced significant decrease in the level of serum and urine creatinine in comparison to those in normal ones .On the other hands these levels were decreased significantly when compared to data reported before drug administration . Creatinine clearances ( ml. / min./ 10 kg .b.wt. ) in normal and Trichostrongylus infested goats following two oral doses of 50 mg thiabendazole /kg b. wt. with 14 days intervals revealed significant decrease in naturally Trichostrongylus infested goats than normal goats at 10 day after the first dose, while there was no change after the second dose between the normal and naturally Trichostrongylus infested goats. The effect of 50 mg thiabendazole / kg b.wt. in normal and Trichostrongylus infested goats following two oral doses with 14 days intervals on urea concentrations in serum and urine was studied .The reported data revealed that the first administration of thiabendazole in naturally Trichostrongylus infested goats produced significant decrease in the level of serum and urine urea in comparison to those in normal ones .On the other hands, these levels were decreased significantly when compared to data reported before drug administration .Urea clearances ( ml / min./ 10 kg .b.wt. ) in normal and Trichostrongylus infested goats following two oral doses of 50 mg thiabendazole /kg b. wt. with 14 days intervals was investigated .These data revealed that urea clearance was significantly decreased in naturally Trichostrongylus infested goats than normal goats at 10 day after the first dose, while there was non significant change after the second dose between the normal and naturally Trichostrongylus infested goats *** Effect of thiabendazole on egg count of Trichostrongylus spp. : - The data which revealed that there was gradual decrease in egg count till 6th. days post — administration of the first dose . Eggs of Trichostrongylus spp . could not detected up the 7th. day after the first dose and 14 days after the second dose It was concluded that , the dosage regimen of thiabendazole should not be the same in safe and parasitised goats .The withdrawal time of thiabendazole in milk was equal to 5 days thus the milk used for human consumption must be discarded during and 5 days after treatment with thiabendazole to exclude healthy hazards .Thiabendazole had no serious effect in a therapeutic dosage regimen on liver or kidney functions .Thiabendazole when given in a single oral dose of 50 mg /kg b.wt. produce excellent effect in treating Trichostrongyliasis