الفهرس 
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Abstract
Two compounds Thioacetamide (CH3--C--MH2) and 2,4,6-trimethyl aniline were obtained from SIGMA chemical company (U.S.A.). The first was used as food preservative in the field of food additive, while the second was used in the field of dye stuff (aniline dyes). They were chosen to carry out their effect on some blood biochemical constituents in albino rats as well as their histopathological effect on the affected organs. For this investigation were used ninty white mature albino rats of both sexes. They were divided into three equal groups. The first group was orally administered thioacetamide in a dose level of 20 mg/kg B. wt. The second group administered orally 30 mg/kg B. wt, 2,4,6- trimethylaniline while the 3rd group was kept as control without any treatment. The experiment was lasted for succesive 12 weeks. Blood samples and tissue specimens were taken every 2 weeks, by sacrifying five rats from each group. Serum samples were collected for eastimation of liver and kidney function test. Also organ specimen were isolated (liver, kidney, lung, heart and spleen) for studying the histopathological alterations . The obtained results can be summerized as following :- I- LIVER FUNCTION TEST :-
A- SERUM AMINOTRANSFERASES (ALT AND AST) :-
The oral administration of 20 & 30 mg/kg thioacetamide and 2 ,4 , 6- trimethyl aniline to rats, produced significant elevation in serum aminotransferase activity allover the experimental period.
B- SERUM ALKALINE PHOSPHATASE ENZYME :-
The activity of serum alkaline phosphatase enzyme in both treated groups showed significant increase from the 2nd week till the end of experiment, except at the 8th week, where no changes in the enzyme activity was recorded.
C-BLOOD GLUCOSE :-
The obtained data revealed that daily oral
administration of both thioacetamide and trimethyl aniline to rats for successive 12 weeks produced hyperglycaemia. This elevation in blood glucose level in.both groups was evident from the 2nd week till the end of experiment .
D-SERUM TOTAL PROTEINS :-
In thioacetamide group, the mean values of toal protein concentration showed significant increase at the start of 4th week and continued till the end of experiment. While trimethyl aniline group, the mean values of total protein concentration showed significant elevation at the beginning of 6th week and lasted till the end of experiment.
E-SERUM TOTAL CHOLESTEROL :-
In rats of group I, the mean values of serum cholesterol level showed significant increase from the 2nd week till the end of 10th week. While at 12th week no changes were recorded. In case of group II, the mean values of serum cholesterol level showed significant increase from the 2nd week till the end of experiment .
F- SERUM TOTAL BILIRUBIN :-
The mean values of serum total bilirubin concentration in both experimental groups (I and II) showed significant elevation from the 2nd week till the end of experiment .
In case of direct bilirubin, significant elevation in the level was evident in rats of group I. this elevation was seen at the 2nd week and lasted till the end of experiment except no change in the level was recorded at the 10th week. In rats of group II, significant increase in the level of direct bilirubin was recorded allover the experimental period.The mean values of serum indirect bilirubin
concentration in thioacetamide and trimethyl aniline groups showed significant increase during the whole period of experiment .
II- KIDNEY FUNCTION TEST :
A- SERUM CREATININE :-
In group I and II, that orally administered thio-acetamide and 2,4,6- trimethyl aniline in a dose levels of 20 and 30 mg/kg B. wt, respectively. The mean values of serum creatinine concentration showed significant elevation allover the experimental period. B-BLOOD UREA NITROGEN :-
The obtained results revealed that the two tested compounds caused marked and significant increase in the mean values of urea concentration of experimental rats in group I and II. This elevation was recorded from the 2nd week till the end of experiment.
C-SERUM URIC ACID :-
The mean values of serum uric acid concentration showed significant elevation in both experimental groups. This elevation was started at the 2nd week in group I and the 4th week in group II then lasted in both groups till the end of experiment.
HISTOPATHOLOGICAL FINDINGS :
Histopathological examination of the liver, kidney, lung, heart and spleen of the intoxicated rats revealed that thioacetamide and trimethyl alinine produce marked alterations in these organs specially liver and kidney. The liver showed mononuclear cell infeltration,
karyomegaly and sollen nucleoli. The hepatocytes contained fatty vaccules and granular cytoplasm, scattered foci of necrosis were seen.Portal sinusoids were congested and dilated. In kidney, the glomerular epithelium was swollen with vaculization.Haylinization and necrotic changes were noted. The tubular epithelium showed marked granularity, necrosis and desquamation accompanied with hyaline casts. The lungs showed desquamation of bronchiolar epithelium , thickening of the alveolar wall with inflammatory cells and scattered foam cells. Blood capillaries were severely congested with extensive perivascular mononuclear cell infilteration. The heart showed myocardial necrosis, myomalacia, haylinization, vacuolization and fibroblastic proliferation. Focal mononuclear cell infeltration was also seen. The spleen showed lymphoid atrophy and enlarged macrophages. Degenerative changes and scattered foci of necrosis was also recorded.