الفهرس 
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Abstract
This study was carried out 111 two farms 111 Ismailia
governorate. A total number of 221 buffalo calves; 65 from
the first farm classified as control, acute bronchitis and
chronic bronchitis; and 156 from the second farm classified as
control, acute bronchitis, chronic bronchitis and pneumonic
cases. Calves were of both sex aged between one to 90 days.
The clinical respiratory score (CRS) was recorded for each
individual animal. Animal having six or more of CRS were
considered sick. Arterial blood samples were collected for
measurement of blood gas analysis. Also venous blood
samples were collected from diseased animals for
measurement of serum lactate, proteinogram, protein
electrophoresis and serum electrolytes. The study revealed
that newborn buffalo calves suffered from bronchitis and
pneumonia showed signs of polypnia, mucopurulent nasal and
occular discharge, coughing, rattling sound, crackles and
wheezes. The study revealed also that newborn calves showed
a significant hypoxemia, hyperlactatemia, hyponatremia and
hyperkalemia.
Buffalo calves, respiratory diseases, bronchitis, pneumonia,
respiratory score, blood gases, lactate, proteinogram, protein
electrophoresis and electrolytes.
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