الفهرس 
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Abstract
A total of 150 faecal apparently healthy sheep sample from different localities in Giza governorate were sampled and examined bacteriologically, serologically and by molecular biology for E.coli O157. Animals over one year old were 111/150 (74%), while 39/150 animals (26%) were below one year. The male: female ratio was 1:2.2. Concerning the housing and nutrition, 80/150 animals (53.3%) were grazing (fed on grasses, while the remaining 70/150 (46.7%) were reared on concentrates (farmed). Sampling was performed during spring 80/150 (53.3%) and summer 70/150 (46.7%). Samples were collected from localities in Giza governorate ; El-Monib, 80/150 samples (53.3%) and Bolaq el dakrur, 70/150 samples (46.7%). Biochemical identification (IMVIC) and serotyping (Latex agglutination test) confirmed colourless non sorbitol colony cultured on CT_SMAC agar medium as E. coli O157. The result of isolation and identification showed 13 E. coli O157 isolates from 150 examined faecal samples with a prevalence 8.7%. Monoplex PCR analysis for 13 positive samples for detection of virulence genes eae stx1, stx2 and hlyA of E. coli O157 revealed presence of eae gene in 11 sample (85%), Stx1 gene in 3 samples (23%), Stx2 gene in 8 samples (62%) and hylA gene in 11 samples (85%) . Multiplex PCR analysis for presence of more than one gene revealed presence of 2 samples of eae, stx1, stx2 and hlyA(15%), one sample contain eae stx1 hlyA (8%), 5 samples contain eae stx2 hlyA (38%), 1 sample contain eae stx2 (8%), 2 samples eae hlyA (15%) one sample contain hlyA only without any other gene combination (8%), one sample not contain any of these virulence genes (8%) and any of these combination eae stx1, stx1 hlyA and stx2 hlyA weren`t detected . The prevalence rate was significantly higher in summer than in spring and also There was a significant relationship (P value <0.05) between the prevalence and the nutrition and housing. A total 110 female lactating adult goats were examined for tuberculosis . Bactriological isolation of tuberculosis was carried out on milk and faeces , All examined samples revealed negative results. Molcular diagnosis (PCR) was carried out on milk samples and revealed that all these samples were negative. All examined serum samples using immunochromatographic rapid test were negative to tuberculosis antibodies. Faecal samples were examined by PCR, Four positive samples to mycobacterium tuberculosis complex. Another PCR to differentiate members of mycobacterium tuberculosis complex was applied to this positive samples showed that this 4 samples belong to mycobacterium bovis.