الفهرس 
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Abstract
Steel structures have historically been designed by allowable stress design method. In 1986, the American institute of steel construction has developed an alternate specification based on the load and resistance factor design (LRFD) method.
The load and resistance factor design method LRFD uses factored loads and employs resistance factors to account for uncertainly in the loads and computed strength of the structural components.
LRFD is a method of proportioning structure so that no applicable limit states is exceeded when the structure is subjected to all appropriate factoring load combinations. The designation LRFD reflects the concept of factoring both loads and resistance. The term ”resistance” includes both strength limit states and serviceability limit states.
In Egypt, Almost all existing steel structures were designed by ASD (allowable stress design) by which elastic design concept was achieved. The first edition of the Egyptian code of steel construction (load and resistance factor design method (LRFD)) was in 2007. However the LRFD method is not used like ASD method.
Because there are not any design aids to help engineers to use LRFD method, this research may help engineers in Egypt to use LRFD design method for flexural members, plate girder and members under combined bending and axial force. The design steps are shown by design excel sheets, flow chart, and solved examples. The study president a comparison between the requirements and design specifications of Egyptian Code of practice for steel construction and Bridges (allowable stress design (ASD)), Egyptian code for practice for steel construction (load and resistance factor design (LRFD)), and the AISC (American institute of steel construction) LRFD methods.