الفهرس 
INTRODUCTIONOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
 |  | from | 133 |  |  |
| | | from | 133 | | |
Abstract
Wide spread of antimicrobials without previous sensitivity testing especially in the field of poultry production resulted in development of multi drug resistant isolates. An emerging option to fight such pathogens is combination therapy or using plants extracts which have no resistance against these pathogens. This work was planned as an attempt to explore the pattern of some antimicrobials resistance and to thraw spot lights on some antimicrobials interactions and the antibacterial activity of volatile oil of Nigella sativa against some Gram-negative bacterial isolates to give ideas for practitioners to draw their strategy for treatment of infectious disease. For attaining this goal: A total of 75 samples were collected from visceral organs (heart blood, liver, gall bladder, spleen, lung & oviduct) of clinically diseased chickens of different ages reared in farms located in Sharkia and Ismailia governorates. The bacteriological and biochemical identification revealed that 32 isolates obtained from visceral organ from chickens identified as E. coli, 12 isolates were identified as Salmonella and 6 isolates obtained were identified as Klebsiella.The in-vitro antimicrobial sensitivity pattern of these isolates was done and the intermediate and multi-resistance isolates were checked for both qualitative (Bauer-kirby) and quantitative (Checker- board) methods for different antibiotic combinations and the obtained data that.