الفهرس 
INTRODUCTIONOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Summary:-The lives and health of millions of people were suffering from the rapid rise of degenerative diseases worldwide which is threatening economic and social development. As the base of many of the diseases is food/feed stuff contamination so many toxicities can be avoided by changing lifestyle, the most important one is diet. Over the past few years; there has been increasing interest in turmeric (Curcuma longa) due to its medicinal properties.
Firstly beginning by determination of LD50 of fentromethrin to facilitate the other experiments.We aimed to establish the toxic effects of fentromethrin (1/20 LD50) on 152mature male albino rats after 65 days exposure, with special reference to the possible beneficial effect of C. longa powder (100mg/kg B.wt) in amelioration of the studied toxic effects. The half lethal dose of fentomethrin (LD50) was firstly determined using 72 male albino rats to be 30.12 mg/kg B.wt. Then eighty male rats were divided into four groups each contain twenty rats. The first group were not received any treatment and served as control. The rats of second, third and fourth groups were dosed by stomach tube day after day for two months, the second group administered 1/20 LD50 fentromethrin diluted in distilled water., while the third group received the previously dose of curcumin followed by the same dose of fentromethrin with at least two hours apart. The fourth group received the C. Longa powder (100mg/kg B.wt) dispersed in distilled water. The rats were sacrificed after the end of the experiment. Blood samples were taken from both treated and control groups for sera separation for enzymatic and hormonal detection, epididymal contents were obtained for assessment of rat fertility. The liver, brain, thyroid gland and testes were rapidly removed, a part of each organ was homogenized and centrifuged for estimation of enzymatic and non enzymatic antioxidants, other part were reserved in carnoy’s preservative for the histochemical detection of nucleic acids (DNA and RNA).
In this study we recorded that fentromethrin caused significant increase of MDA in liver, brain and testes; highly significant decrease of GSH (but remain within the normal limits in brain), CAT levels, vit A and vit E in liver, brain and testes, also highly significant decrease of both SOD and GPx in serum.
MDA was highly near to the control levels in liver and brain of rats dosed with C. longa rhizomal powder and fentromethrin, while level of GSH is normal in brain and insignificantly decreased in liver when compared to control group, also CAT levels in both brain and testes were significantly decreased while it remained within the normal levels in liver. Testes of rats treated with C. longa rhizomal powder and fentromethrin showed non-significant decrease in both vit A and E while other groups displayed normal levels.
Both SOD and Gpx were significantly increased in serum of rats treated with C. longa rhizomal powder and non-significantly increased in rats treated with C. longa rhizomal powder and fentromethrin comparing to control group.
T3 decreased than the control, T4 was insignificantly decreased in rats treated with fentromethrin as compared to control group, also testosterone decreased significantly. Normal levels of T3, T4 and testosterone were observed in rats treated with both C. longa powder and fentromethrin.
All enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants and the hormones (T3, T4 and testosterone) demonstrated improved levels even more than normal after administration of C. longa rhizomal powder only. Rats treated with fentromethrin revealed insignificant decrease in body weight and sperm cell concentration, also sperm motility was significantly decreased, while testis weight was insignificantly increased comparing to control rats. Weights of seminal vesicle and prostate gland were not affected. Rats dosed with C.longa rhizomal powder alone or with fentromethrin showed improvement in all parameters.
Histochemistry study revealed marked decrease in DNA and RNA of hepatocytes, cerebral neurons, thyroid follicle epithelium and seminiferous tubular epithelium after dosing with fentromethrin, while DNA and RNA reaction appeared to be strong after co-treatment with C. longa rhizomal powder and fentromethrin.
The DNA and RNA stain ability were better than any of the other groups after C.longa rhizomal powder administration.
The present study clearly indicated the chemoprotective role of C.longa and suggests its potential use in status of fentomethrin toxicity.