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Abstract The investigations of the present study focused on three levels; the alterations in the serotonin and kynurenine limbs of tryptophan metabolism, in addition to, nitric oxide metabolites in the frontal cortex and hippocampus were the focus of the neurochemical level. Measuring the depressive like symptoms was the concern of the behavioral level. Serum TNF-α concentrations was the measurement of the blood chemistry level. |