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Abstract SUMMARY The animal wealth represents an important category of the Egyptian National Economy in view or the nutritional and ecnnomic importance of animal products which is considered as th~ main source of animal protien necessary for the formation and growlh or tissuex and tilt’ rc.”generation o ” tissue damaged. It is also considered as an important source of energy for the: body as well as a source uf Vil’im;i’:~ A, Hand C, The problem. oLm~,;\t represents un important item of the Nutrition Security which is given high priority by the Government. ” ” The animal production of red meat in Egypt has reached about 527.04 thousand tons with or annual increase estimated at about 0.6% of the annual average during the period from 1981 to 1989. The value of red meat production has reached about 40.6% out of all animal production durir g the same period, and 11.63% or all the ~Igricllllllral production during thcsume period, and the person’s share of animal proticn in Egypt is IO.7gm daily, while the required standard should be ~:1L~11ld.ri ly to reach the prcvcnlivc nutritive level which means that our production or animal proticlls should be threefold the present ptmhh:liull or 1\’11meat, poullry and fish. The prllhkm or allilllal production in El’,yptlk’pcnds upon the economic problem in general which is due to the .Iimitcd available dcm~nts and its inability to sntisfy tIll’ diffl’rl.,’nt desires - which are relatively unlimited of the individuals as u result of the increase in birth rates, increase uf income und the di~propartion of income in relation to the eductional and nutritional standard. Ol,l.’li~ other side, the lowering of the share of the ugricullllr~ section of Ii lnvesunems in the dc:vclopllll’nt and social plan has arr~cle:d the rate of unimul (k”c1pIl\I.’IlIS n,”sulting from increased (kpcndL’ncc on animal products, to cope with the increusing de munds or the pupulatiollthcrcllr. lnspite of the lnad~quacy of same food nuucriuls like cereals, for example to meet the population rcquia’I1K”nlS, it is observed that a great area thereof is transferred to the agriculture or anil1)~l1food ( fodder ) wh~,~h leads to the waste or these mall’l”ials . - -~ ---~-,~~ ----- In addition, inspire of the acute nurritianal gap of ~hich Egypt suffers, speci~lJy in the nrea of animal production. we do not advise that the Government would adopt the policy of increasing meat and animal production on the expense of the hnrvcst required for local consumpnon of export as there is no relative ,tdvantage in the production meat and animals. It is bcncr to concentrate on the products which have spcciul udvanttlges and import the required amounts of meat in udJitioll to the local production in effect right now, and so long us there is some deficiency in the production of animal and poultry locally, the government should substitute the support of meat by sUPPOJ1ing the substances required for animal ,production by imponing their feed and studying what reasons lead to limitation of rvd mcnt producnon in EgYPI in all Sf cps of production with the objective of reaching a collection .of results that would lead to laying some objective recollllllcndutions uiming ut d~vclopjng this production nctivity lending to effective economy and organizing the economic and social returns. Anima! production in Egypt meets many problems and dlfficutties which affect in U direct manner its development and advance which results in obvious ’shortage in the availabiliry of the production ( an item of which is meat) in the IOC~ll markers, By the accumulation of these problems and difficulries year after year, the”prices of these products have increased in a dreadful manner and has rcuchcd 13.15 rimes the originul prices during the period ( 1971 • 1990). Nor . only that but the increase in consumption was much more thun the increase in local production as the average annual production during the period 1982 _ 1989 of red meat is ubout 527.04 thousand tons. The annual increase rate wus 0.031 which represents 0.6% of the annual average of production while the average annual consumption of red mean wus68~ Ihollsund tons. The annual increuse rate was esrimared or 21.32 thousand tons which represents 5.6% of the average nnnuul cummlUl’lloll of IOC’! U-,gUI,Dy cnmpmison it iN clear Ihut there is ”hol1uac in local productlon in •.elation to the increase in consumption. The most imporuuu limitation factors and the problems meeting meat production arc; I) The fixccJ uumber ( or ruther the diminishing number ) of productive animals. 2) The stnuJlsi/c uf tunns ullOCltlcd for unilllul pmducrion. - I ~ ~1- ’.’ .•.... 3) Ulilizing the lInimals ullocared for milk or meat production in performing agriculture duties . 4) The increase of proportion of consumption and slaughtering of smaU .. weight ugricuhure animals. ~. S) Shortage .. both in kind and in amountvof fodder in relation to)~~ level of distribritlon thereof. . 6) Lowering offcod ..transfer .•efficiency of animals in Egypt due to deterioration of inherited characteristics and construction. , 7) Poor veterenary supervision and care afforded to farm animal. c R) The wldespreud of dlscnHcNnnd parusltes umans ngrlculture unimals. I 1 I II, 9) The inublllty of veterinary services to cover artificial insiminntion for farm”) animals, .• ’--”-”fh,,’-;miuy -hus ulso inlliCUfcO mar lile rcuivuiucurullilJi”l iji,”,Jw.,;{iv;~h~~ r=;:~hcd __._..• _ LE. 1490.6 Million Egyptian Pounds or 28.68% of the real value of the . agricuhunal production which amounts to LE. 5197.2 Millions during the period,o’.~...•., from 19R2 to 1989, und it was found thut the most important conl’tituents of the ’ ’animul production are red meat, milk, poultry, egg, honey and wool, and Ihullhe I, sluuahtcred of these come ut the head of the fist of animal production as it reached LE. 604.2 Million Pounds or 40.6% of the real value of anima] production which umount!t to 1490.6 Million Pounds. ’Nexl comes: I Milk. pouhry und eggs which reuehed 525.6: 213.8 MiHion’ POunds respectively Le, about 35.32% and 14.37% respectively. In addition to the above mentioned factors, we observe that the amount of meat required for consumption ( whether local or imported) is quite inudcqu~ltc to meet the consumption needs, in view of the effect of many factors of which the increase in income of individuals and the mis- distribution thereof. the incfCuse of populution ..the change of taste of the consumers in relation to different types of food. II i I i ~ , ~ ~”,~u~.~J~~~~~~ __ ”,:_:_-”~ •....•.. ””””,~””””,~~~~_,~~. J ~_c ~ ,_.. t~~ -4- The study has also shown the economic position of the animal products and its ;/ importance in the Egyptian external commerce. z,.- .; Thee is a deficit in the balance payment which resulted in increased imports. It showed also the Importance of animal products in the industry US it is included in lin;- U1iUiu.r~:o.:r~-of pr(){”c-ssr.et meat. milk products, leather and leather manuCleturo wul rcprcHCntH STent importance in the prcparu’iu.. cf r!:l~! production by organic fertili1-crs. It waspolnted out, from the study that meat production depends on six areas viz:- COWl, buffalows, sheep gOUI~,camels and pigs. Also it showed thut the number of animul ,Iuughtcred locally was continuansly increasing in all kinds while decreased for buffalows, sheep and camels, the reason being thut the producer perfers to keep buffalows for the longest period to make use of them to sell their milk: for free price and at the SQJTlC time, these animals reach a heavy weight by way of meat accumulation. ; ) AM for sheep and camels, the taste of the consumers has grown to reject them, soII _t~y are left to reach heavy weights und their milk is being made use of in the manufacture of certain types of cheese. and then they are slaughtered in the feusts and other occasions, About camels, they are used in agriculture for tr;~:~~p~rt:~!!OrplI1l1l(1SCSt,hem slaughtered when they reach heavy weights to be used for the manulac-ture -or ccrtuin’(y-pcs of --preseved meat products like ”Ru...crmu” (dried beaf = ” Basterma” ). It was found that the proportion of withdnlwol of cattle in Egypt, out of COWl wuJ buffalows has reached 6().26% and 54% respectively out of their average prepllfUliuu. TJIl~ estimated amounts of meat as regards of their sources were found to be grc~.tcHt Irorn CUWN, fuUnwcdhy bnffulows, then sheep, goats, then cumelH and (JiltS us the third und fourth in order of importance. _f ~111(;”tudy has ulso estimated meat production lukiug into conHitJcruliun Lhe lunuunhl ul’ Uh~U’WW4ICM Il’Muitina frum cud. type scpurutely, ;’J The study has ulso reviewed the factors that affect red· meat production in A.R.E. and their cftbcts 011 the umouru of men! produced; und these fucrors ore: ~Number of animal heads. .•Green fodder. - Concentrated fodder. >·~’Hay.> - Investments directed to animal production. - Meat Prices. It was found thut every fncror of these has n positive effect in the increase of the amount of meat. The study has also included the consumption of meat in Egypt, and it was found Ihut rbe average per person of animal protlen is 1O.7gm/day and thut thill average is so modest as compared to other countries and does not reach the minimum preventive limit l’ccofllmcmJ&:d hy the World l lealth Organisation which is 13gm / day! person. The study has ulso considered briefly the lowering of marketing efficiency in n~ypt depending on what studies have reached. The study included also the effect of the price of red mcut on the UIllUliUI alld vuluc of red meal and it was found thut it has great effect on both. It is clear thut the Egyprinn citizen needs u great deal of nutrition conciousness to nave n eleur ldcu ubout th~ rlllbstltullou uf uuiuurl proteln with other alternative --’~----~-lni;”cU’ product» M:~thHt the only alternative en meat will ’not be poultry us there ”) Ill’d othe r prodUCls thun poultry thc.’t UI’t tlsh, ~~USI Ind milk, und’ il~ products &i, : ””,n;cs 0fn~9teI~n• |