الفهرس 
Histology and cytology of the female genital tract epitheliaOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
The present work was performed to study the effects of CU-IUCD’s usage on cervical cytology. A total of 300 women were examined clinically and cytologically. These included 200 women wearing CU-IUCDs (100 for 3 years, 100 for 5 years)(study groups), and 100 cases not using any contraception (control group)
The results of this study showed that long term CU-IUCD’s usage is associated with significant increase in the incidence rate of low back pain, vaginal discharge and pelvic inflammatory disease. The incidence of menorrhagia in the study group was significantly higher than the control group of non- contraceptive users.
Cytologically, non-specific cervical infections were more frequent in IUCD’s users with statistical significance than non- IUCD’s users. Specific infections were higher in IUCD’s-users, but with no statistical significance in this study. The incidence of squamous proliferative lesions, especially immature squamous metaplasia, and the incidence of glandular endocervical lesions in the form of cervical erosion and endocervical repair, all showed statistically significant occurrence among IUCD’s-users than control group 8 cases of abnormal endometrial cells suggestive of endometrial hyperplasia were found in IUCD’s-users. Normal endometrial cells were found more frequently and significantly in IUCD’s-users as a response to intrauterine trauma imposed by the presence of IUCDs. Squamous atypia and, to a lesser extent, squamous dysplasia occurred only in IUCD’s-users.