الفهرس | Only 14 pages are availabe for public view |
Abstract This study is dealing with the marine pollution and how it finds its way to the sea from different sources, especially from shipping activities. More care and focusing are given to the sources of oil pollution from shipping activities especially which are resulting from the operations and accidents of oil tankers. In this study, the earliest international conventions and amendments which are related to the object of reducing and preventing oil pollution are discussed . This are followed by discussing the highlights of the new and the comprehensive international convention for the pollution prevention from ships in 1973 and its PROTOCOL in 1978, .,hick is called MARPOL 73/73. The MARPOL 73/78 is discussed from the engineering point of view to investigate the main points such as the criteria to regulate the discharging of ’the pollutants which are resulting from ships during their service at the sea, the equipment which must be carried on board to reduce and z,event the pollution of ship operations. The new design considerations for oil tankers are -iscussed in more details such as segregated ballast ranks as a protective location together with their advantages and disadvantages. |